frangir

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin frangere (“to break, shatter”),^[1] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-. Compare the inherited dialectal (esp. Asturias region) or Old Spanish frañir, frañer.

Verb

frangir (first-person singular present franjo, first-person singular preterite frangí, past participle frangido)

(rare) to split, to divide
Synonym: partir

Conjugation

Conjugation of frangir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			frangir
gerund			frangiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		frangido		frangida
		plural		frangidos		frangidas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	franjo	franges^{^tú} frangís^{^vos}	frange	frangimos	frangís	frangen
	imperfect	frangía	frangías	frangía	frangíamos	frangíais	frangían
	preterite	frangí	frangiste	frangió	frangimos	frangisteis	frangieron
	future	frangiré	frangirás	frangirá	frangiremos	frangiréis	frangirán
	conditional	frangiría	frangirías	frangiría	frangiríamos	frangiríais	frangirían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	franja	franjas^{^tú} franjás^{^vos²}	franja	franjamos	franjáis	franjan
	imperfect (ra)	frangiera	frangieras	frangiera	frangiéramos	frangierais	frangieran
	imperfect (se)	frangiese	frangieses	frangiese	frangiésemos	frangieseis	frangiesen
	future¹	frangiere	frangieres	frangiere	frangiéremos	frangiereis	frangieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		frange^{^tú} frangí^{^vos}	franja	franjamos	frangid	franjan
	negative		no franjas	no franja	no franjamos	no franjáis	no franjan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of frangir (g-j alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive frangir	dative	frangirme	frangirte	frangirle, frangirse	frangirnos	frangiros	frangirles, frangirse
with infinitive frangir	accusative	frangirme	frangirte	frangirlo, frangirla, frangirse	frangirnos	frangiros	frangirlos, frangirlas, frangirse

with gerund frangiendo	dative	frangiéndome	frangiéndote	frangiéndole, frangiéndose	frangiéndonos	frangiéndoos	frangiéndoles, frangiéndose
with gerund frangiendo	accusative	frangiéndome	frangiéndote	frangiéndolo, frangiéndola, frangiéndose	frangiéndonos	frangiéndoos	frangiéndolos, frangiéndolas, frangiéndose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative frange	dative	frángeme	frángete	frángele	frángenos	not used	frángeles
with informal second-person singular tú imperative frange	accusative	frángeme	frángete	frángelo, frángela	frángenos	not used	frángelos, frángelas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative frangí	dative	frangime	frangite	frangile	franginos	not used	frangiles
	accusative	frangime	frangite	frangilo, frangila	franginos	not used	frangilos, frangilas

with formal second-person singular imperative franja	dative	fránjame	not used	fránjale, fránjase	fránjanos	not used	fránjales
with formal second-person singular imperative franja	accusative	fránjame	not used	fránjalo, fránjala, fránjase	fránjanos	not used	fránjalos, fránjalas

with first-person plural imperative franjamos	dative	not used	franjámoste	franjámosle	franjámonos	franjámoos	franjámosles
with first-person plural imperative franjamos	accusative	not used	franjámoste	franjámoslo, franjámosla	franjámonos	franjámoos	franjámoslos, franjámoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative frangid	dative	frangidme	not used	frangidle	frangidnos	frangíos	frangidles
with informal second-person plural imperative frangid	accusative	frangidme	not used	frangidlo, frangidla	frangidnos	frangíos	frangidlos, frangidlas

with formal second-person plural imperative franjan	dative	fránjanme	not used	fránjanle	fránjannos	not used	fránjanles, fránjanse
with formal second-person plural imperative franjan	accusative	fránjanme	not used	fránjanlo, fránjanla	fránjannos	not used	fránjanlos, fránjanlas, fránjanse

Related terms

References

^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “frangir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos