expergiscor

Latin

Etymology

Probably a middle (passive in form) from ex- (“ex-, out”) +‎ per- (“intensive prefix”) +‎ regō (“to rule, direct”) +‎ -ēscō (“verbal suffix”).^[1]

An alternative etymology derives the last two syllables from unattested *griscor, based on Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- (“to awaken”), which dissimilated to *giscor after per-.^[1]^[2] In this case, cognate with Sanskrit जागृ (jāgṛ, “to awake”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬖𐬭𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬫𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (fra-γrārayeⁱti), Ancient Greek ἐγείρω (egeírō, “to awaken”), Middle Persian wygrʼd (wiγrād) (whence Modern Persian (bidâr, “awake”)), Albanian ngrē (“to lift, to wake”).

It is not known how the transitive sense for English "wake up" got no direct counterpart, putting expergiscor in a similar situation to Spanish gustar.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ek.sperˈɡiːs.kor/, [ɛks̠pɛrˈɡiːs̠kɔr]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ek.sperˈd͡ʒis.kor/, [eksperˈd͡ʒiskor]

Verb

expergīscor (present infinitive expergīscī, perfect active experrēctus sum); third conjugation, deponent (intransitive)

(intransitive) to awake, to wake up (bestir oneself)
Synonym: vigilō

Antonyms: obdormīscō, dormiō, obdormiō, dormītō, obdormītō, cubō

Conjugation

Conjugation of expergīscor (third conjugation, deponent)

indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	expergīscor	expergīsceris, expergīscere	expergīscitur	expergīscimur	expergīsciminī	expergīscuntur
	imperfect	expergīscēbar	expergīscēbāris, expergīscēbāre	expergīscēbātur	expergīscēbāmur	expergīscēbāminī	expergīscēbantur
	future	expergīscar	expergīscēris, expergīscēre	expergīscētur	expergīscēmur	expergīscēminī	expergīscentur
	perfect	experrēctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	experrēctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	experrēctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	expergīscar	expergīscāris, expergīscāre	expergīscātur	expergīscāmur	expergīscāminī	expergīscantur
imperfect	expergīscerer	expergīscerēris, expergīscerēre	expergīscerētur	expergīscerēmur	expergīscerēminī	expergīscerentur
perfect	experrēctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	experrēctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	expergīscere	—	—	expergīsciminī	—
active	future	—	expergīscitor	expergīscitor	—	—	expergīscuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		expergīscī	experrēctum esse	experrēctūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		expergīscēns	experrēctus	experrēctūrus	—	—	expergīscendus, expergīscundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		expergīscendī	expergīscendō	expergīscendum	expergīscendō	experrēctum	experrēctū

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “regō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 517-8
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁ger-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 240