exardesco

Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ ardēscō (“I am inflamed”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ek.sarˈdeːs.koː/, [ɛks̠ärˈd̪eːs̠koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ek.sarˈdes.ko/, [eɡzärˈd̪ɛsko]

Verb

exardēscō (present infinitive exardēscere, perfect active exarsī, supine exarsum); third conjugation, no passive

1. to flare or blaze up
2. to glow
3. (figuratively) to rage, blaze forth, burst forth, flare up, become fired, inflamed, excited
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.575–576:

     “Exārsēre ignēs animō; subit īra cadentem
     ulcīscī patriam et scelerātās sūmere poenās.”

     “Fires raged within my spirit; a wrathful impulse provokes me to avenge my dying homeland and to exact retribution for the wicked crimes [of Helen].”
     (Syncopation: exarser(unt); infinitives of purpose: ulcisci, sumere.)

4. to be provoked
5. to be exasperated

Conjugation

• The past passive participle exarsus does exist.

   Conjugation of exardēscō (third conjugation, no passive)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	exardēscō		exardēscis		exardēscit		exardēscimus		exardēscitis		exardēscunt
	imperfect	exardēscēbam		exardēscēbās		exardēscēbat		exardēscēbāmus		exardēscēbātis		exardēscēbant
	future	exardēscam		exardēscēs		exardēscet		exardēscēmus		exardēscētis		exardēscent
	perfect	exarsī		exarsistī		exarsit		exarsimus		exarsistis		exarsērunt, exarsēre
	pluperfect	exarseram		exarserās		exarserat		exarserāmus		exarserātis		exarserant
	future perfect	exarserō		exarseris		exarserit		exarserimus		exarseritis		exarserint
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	exardēscam		exardēscās		exardēscat		exardēscāmus		exardēscātis		exardēscant
	imperfect	exardēscerem		exardēscerēs		exardēsceret		exardēscerēmus		exardēscerētis		exardēscerent
	perfect	exarserim		exarserīs		exarserit		exarserīmus		exarserītis		exarserint
	pluperfect	exarsissem		exarsissēs		exarsisset		exarsissēmus		exarsissētis		exarsissent
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		exardēsce		—		—		exardēscite		—
	future	—		exardēscitō		exardēscitō		—		exardēscitōte		exardēscuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		exardēscere			—			exardēscēns			—
future		exarsūrum esse			—			exarsūrus			—
perfect		exarsisse			—			—			—
perfect potential		exarsūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		exardēscendī		exardēscendō		exardēscendum		exardēscendō		exarsum		exarsū

Related terms

• ardeō
• ardēscō

References

• “exardesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “exardesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• exardesco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be consumed with longing: desiderio exardescere
    
  • to be transported with passion: iracundia exardescere, effervescere
    
  • war breaks out: bellum oritur, exardescit