dobry
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]dobry
Anagrams
[edit]Lower Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dobry (comparative lěpšy, superlative nejlěpšy, adverb derje)
Declension
[edit]Masculine singular | Feminine singular | Neuter singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | dobry | dobra | dobre | dobrej | dobre |
Genitive | dobrego | dobreje | dobrego | dobreju | dobrych |
Dative | dobremu | dobrej | dobremu | dobryma | dobrym |
Accusative | dobry dobrego (animate) |
dobru | dobre | dobrej dobreju (animate) |
dobre dobrych (optional animate form) |
Instrumental | dobrym | dobreju | dobrym | dobryma | dobrymi |
Locative | dobrem | dobrej | dobrem | dobryma | dobrych |
Antonyms
[edit]- zły (“bad”)
Derived terms
[edit]- dobra śpa
- dobra zelenina
- dobra zemja
- dobre
- dobre mloko
- dobre zajtšo
- dobrejtšo
- dobrina
- dobriś
- dobrodušny
- dobroś
- dobrośaŕ, dobrośarka
- dobrośel, dobrośelka
- dobrośelnik, dobrośelnica
- dobrośiś
- dobrośiwosć
- dobrośiwy
- dobrota
- dobrotka
- dobrotnik, dobrotnica
- dobrotnosć
- dobrotny
- dobrowólnik, dobrowólnica
- dobrowólnosć
- dobrowólny
- dobrozdaśe
- dobru noc
- dobry kafej
- dobry wjacor
- dobry źeń
- měś dobru głowku
- nadobry
- njedobro
- njedobrosć
- njedobroś
- njedobrota
- njedobrotnik
- njedobrotny
- pśedobry
Further reading
[edit]- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “dobry”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “dobry”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dobry (comparative lepszy, derived adverb dobrze)
- good (beneficial; kind)
- good (moral, ethical)
- good (turstworthy)
- noble (high in a social hierarchy)
- good (of high quality)
- good (having a nice taste or flavor)
- long (lasting a long time)
- good (correct, apt, not wrong)
- good (legitimate)
- successful
- of a certain value
- good (used in titles)
- corruption of droby
Derived terms
[edit]- być dobrej myśli impf
Related terms
[edit]- dobrzemówić impf
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “dobry”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “dobry”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dobry”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “dobry”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish dobry.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dobry (comparative lepszy or (humorous or ironic) lepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, superlative najlepszy or (humorous or ironic) najlepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, derived adverb dobrze)
- good (moral, ethical)
- good (kind, nice, willing to help) [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for whom’]
- good (of a mood; cheerful, fun, nice)
- good (successful)
- good (hard-working; tending to carry out one's duties)
- good (of a living thing or its parts; functioning)
- good (high quality)
- good (apt, as wanted or expected)
- good (of food and drink; tasty)
- good (beneficial)
- good (resulting from a correct choice)
- good (having a high quality) [with z (+ genitive) or w (+ locative) ‘at what’]
- good (kind, fair, just)
- good (having a high social hierarchical position)
- good (in close relations)
- good (beneficial)
- good (expressing approval)
- (colloquial) good (having a large size; lasting a long time)
- Obrót Ziemi wokół Słońca zajmuje dobre 365 dni. ― The rotation of the Earth around the Sun takes a good 365 days.
- Pojechaliśmy dobry kawałek drogi. ― We covered a good bit of distance (literally, “We drove a good chunk of road.”)
- good (healthy)
- (obsolete) rich
- Synonym: bogaty
- (Middle Polish) good; Further details are uncertain.
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[1], page 6c:
- Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry
- [Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry]
- 1568, M. Rej, Zwierciadło[2], page 238v:
- Dobry/ to ſłowo/ Káżdemu zdrowo.
- [Dobry/ to słowo/ Każdemu zdrowo.]
- 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum[3], page 775a:
- Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobri.
- [Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobry.]
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | dobry | dobra | dobre | dobrzy | dobre | |
genitive | dobrego | dobrej | dobrego | dobrych | ||
dative | dobremu | dobrej | dobremu | dobrym | ||
accusative | dobrego | dobry | dobrą | dobre | dobrych | dobre |
instrumental | dobrym | dobrą | dobrym | dobrymi | ||
locative | dobrym | dobrej | dobrym | dobrych |
Noun
[edit]dobry m inan
Declension
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:dobry
Antonyms
[edit]- Antonyms: see Thesaurus:zły
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dobry is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 50 times in essays, 64 times in fiction, and 121 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 296 times, making it the 170th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- dobry in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- dobry in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dobry”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DOBRY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.12.2020
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 475
- dobry in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
- Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “dobry”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish dobry.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dobry (comparative lepszy, superlative nojlepszy, derived adverb dobrze)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | ||
nominative | dobry | dobre | dobrŏ | dobrzi | dobre | |
genitive | dobrego | dobryj | dobrych | |||
dative | dobrymu | dobryj | dobrym | |||
accusative | animate | dobrego | dobre | dobrõ | dobrych | dobre |
inanimate | dobry | |||||
instrumental | dobrym | dobrōm | dobrymi | |||
locative | dobrym | dobryj | dobrych | |||
vocative | dobry | dobre | dobrŏ | dobrzi | dobre |
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- dobry in silling.org
Upper Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dobry (comparative lěpši, superlative najlěpši, absolute superlative nanajlěpši, excessive předobry, adverb derje)
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | virile | nonvirile | ||
personal/animal | inanimate | |||||||
nominative, vocative | dobry | dobre | dobra | dobraj | dobrej | dobri | dobre | |
genitive | dobreho dobroh¹ |
dobreje | dobreju | dobrych | ||||
dative | dobremu dobrom¹ |
dobrej | dobrymaj | dobrym | ||||
accusative | dobreho dobroh¹ |
dobry | dobre | dobru | dobreju | dobrej | dobrych | dobre |
instrumental | dobrym | dobrej | dobrymaj | dobrymi | ||||
locative | dobrych |
References
[edit]- “dobry” in Soblex
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech noun forms
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰh₂ebʰ-
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian adjectives
- Lower Sorbian suppletive adjectives
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰh₂ebʰ-
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish adjectives
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰh₂ebʰ-
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔbrɘ
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔbrɘ/2 syllables
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish adjectives
- Polish colloquialisms
- Polish terms with usage examples
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Middle Polish
- Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Polish terms with quotations
- Polish hard adjectives
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Education
- Polish suppletive adjectives
- pl:Academic grades
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰh₂ebʰ-
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔbrɪ
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔbrɪ/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian adjectives
- Silesian suppletive adjectives
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰh₂ebʰ-
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɔbʀɨ
- Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɔbʀɨ/2 syllables
- Upper Sorbian lemmas
- Upper Sorbian adjectives
- Upper Sorbian suppletive adjectives