dobry

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See also: Dobry, dobrý, and dôbry

Czech

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈdobrɪ]
  • Hyphenation: dob‧ry

Noun

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dobry

  1. instrumental plural of dobro

Anagrams

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Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dobry (comparative lěpšy, superlative nejlěpšy, adverb derje)

  1. good

Declension

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “dobry”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “dobry”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /dɔbrɨː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /dɔbrɨ/

Adjective

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dobry (comparative lepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good (beneficial; kind)
  2. good (moral, ethical)
  3. good (turstworthy)
  4. noble (high in a social hierarchy)
  5. good (of high quality)
  6. good (having a nice taste or flavor)
  7. long (lasting a long time)
  8. good (correct, apt, not wrong)
  9. good (legitimate)
  10. successful
  11. of a certain value
  12. good (used in titles)
  13. corruption of droby

Derived terms

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adjectives
averb
nouns
verbs
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adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs

Descendants

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  • Polish: dobry
  • Silesian: dobry

References

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  • Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “dobry”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “dobry”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dobry”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “dobry”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔbrɘ
  • Syllabification: do‧bry
  • Homophone: Dobry

Adjective

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dobry (comparative lepszy or (humorous or ironic) lepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, superlative najlepszy or (humorous or ironic) najlepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good (moral, ethical)
  2. good (kind, nice, willing to help) [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for whom’]
  3. good (of a mood; cheerful, fun, nice)
  4. good (successful)
  5. good (hard-working; tending to carry out one's duties)
  6. good (of a living thing or its parts; functioning)
  7. good (high quality)
  8. good (apt, as wanted or expected)
  9. good (of food and drink; tasty)
  10. good (beneficial)
  11. good (resulting from a correct choice)
  12. good (having a high quality) [with z (+ genitive) or w (+ locative) ‘at what’]
  13. good (kind, fair, just)
  14. good (having a high social hierarchical position)
  15. good (in close relations)
  16. good (beneficial)
  17. good (expressing approval)
  18. (colloquial) good (having a large size; lasting a long time)
    Obrót Ziemi wokół Słońca zajmuje dobre 365 dni.The rotation of the Earth around the Sun takes a good 365 days.
    Pojechaliśmy dobry kawałek drogi.We covered a good bit of distance (literally, “We drove a good chunk of road.”)
  19. good (healthy)
  20. (obsolete) rich
    Synonym: bogaty
  21. (Middle Polish) good; Further details are uncertain.
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[1], page 6c:
      Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry
      [Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry]
    • 1568, M. Rej, Zwierciadło[2], page 238v:
      Dobry/ to ſłowo/ Káżdemu zdrowo.
      [Dobry/ to słowo/ Każdemu zdrowo.]
    • 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum[3], page 775a:
      Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobri.
      [Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobry.]

Declension

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Noun

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dobry m inan

  1. (education) B (the letter grade assigned) [with z (+ genitive) ‘in what subject’]
    Synonym: czwórka

Declension

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
interjections
nouns
particle
proverb
verbs
verbs
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adjective
adverb

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dobry is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 50 times in essays, 64 times in fiction, and 121 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 296 times, making it the 170th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “dobry”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 77

Further reading

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  • dobry in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • dobry in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dobry”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • DOBRY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.12.2020
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 475
  • dobry in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “dobry”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dobry (comparative lepszy, superlative nojlepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good
    Antonyms: niydobry, zły

Declension

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interjections

Further reading

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Upper Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dobry (comparative lěpši, superlative najlěpši, absolute superlative nanajlěpši, excessive předobry, adverb derje)

  1. good

Declension

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References

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