dhunë

Albanian

From Proto-Albanian *eðunā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-ún-eh₂ (“pain”), from the root *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ὀδύνη (odúnē, “pain”), Old Armenian երկն (erkn, “birth pangs”), and Old Irish idu (“pains, birth pangs”).^[1] The variant dhurë is the normal Tosk reflex.^[2] Orel reconstructs Proto-Albanian *edunti or *adunti, but from the same IE root.^[3]

dhunë f (plural dhuna, definite dhuna, definite plural dhunat)

(physical, mental, spiritual) violence, force, coercion, oppression
(physical or verbal) humiliation, shaming, dishonor (of a single person or group of people); violation (law)
(colloquial) damage, injury
blemish

Declension of dhunë

^ Adam Hyllested & Brian D. Joseph, ‘Albanian’, chap. 13 of The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective, ed. Thomas Olander (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022), 238.
^ Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 163
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎^[2], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 155