desmoralizar

Galician

Verb

desmoralizar (first-person singular present desmoralizo, first-person singular preterite desmoralicei, past participle desmoralizado)

1. (transitive) to discourage, to demoralize

   Synonym: desanimar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desmoralizar (c-z alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	desmoralizar
Personal	desmoralizar	desmoralizares	desmoralizar	desmoralizarmos	desmoralizardes	desmoralizaren
Gerund
	desmoralizando
Past participle
Masculine	desmoralizado			desmoralizados
Feminine	desmoralizada			desmoralizadas
Indicative
Present	desmoralizo	desmoralizas	desmoraliza	desmoralizamos	desmoralizades	desmoralizan
Imperfect	desmoralizaba	desmoralizabas	desmoralizaba	desmoralizabamos	desmoralizabades	desmoralizaban
Preterite	desmoralicei	desmoralizaches	desmoralizou	desmoralizamos	desmoralizastes	desmoralizaron
Pluperfect	desmoralizara	desmoralizaras	desmoralizara	desmoralizaramos	desmoralizarades	desmoralizaran
Future	desmoralizarei	desmoralizarás	desmoralizará	desmoralizaremos	desmoralizaredes	desmoralizarán
Conditional	desmoralizaría	desmoralizarías	desmoralizaría	desmoralizariamos	desmoralizariades	desmoralizarían
Subjunctive
Present	desmoralice	desmoralices	desmoralice	desmoralicemos	desmoralicedes	desmoralicen
Imperfect	desmoralizase	desmoralizases	desmoralizase	desmoralizásemos	desmoralizásedes	desmoralizasen
Future	desmoralizar	desmoralizares	desmoralizar	desmoralizarmos	desmoralizardes	desmoralizaren
Imperative
Affirmative		desmoraliza	desmoralice	desmoralicemos	desmoralizade	desmoralicen
Negative (non)		non desmoralices	non desmoralice	non desmoralicemos	non desmoralicedes	non desmoralicen

Derived terms

• desmoralización
• desmoralizador

 

Further reading

• “desmoralizar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(h)], /d͡ʒiz.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiz.mo.ɾa.liˈza(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(h)], /d͡ʒiz.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiz.mo.ɾa.liˈza(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒiz.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /deʒ.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [deʒ.mo.ɾa.liˈza(χ)], /d͡ʒiʒ.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʒ.mo.ɾa.liˈza(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /dez.mo.ɾa.liˈza(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʒ.mu.ɾɐ.liˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʒ.mu.ɾɐ.liˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʒ.mu.ɾɐ.liˈza.ɾi/

Verb

desmoralizar (first-person singular present desmoralizo, first-person singular preterite desmoralizei, past participle desmoralizado)

1. to demoralize
2. to corrupt, pervert

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desmoralizar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	desmoralizar
Personal	desmoralizar	desmoralizares	desmoralizar	desmoralizarmos	desmoralizardes	desmoralizarem
Gerund
	desmoralizando
Past participle
Masculine	desmoralizado			desmoralizados
Feminine	desmoralizada			desmoralizadas
Indicative
Present	desmoralizo	desmoralizas	desmoraliza	desmoralizamos	desmoralizais	desmoralizam
Imperfect	desmoralizava	desmoralizavas	desmoralizava	desmoralizávamos	desmoralizáveis	desmoralizavam
Preterite	desmoralizei	desmoralizaste	desmoralizou	desmoralizamos1, desmoralizámos2	desmoralizastes	desmoralizaram
Pluperfect	desmoralizara	desmoralizaras	desmoralizara	desmoralizáramos	desmoralizáreis	desmoralizaram
Future	desmoralizarei	desmoralizarás	desmoralizará	desmoralizaremos	desmoralizareis	desmoralizarão
Conditional	desmoralizaria	desmoralizarias	desmoralizaria	desmoralizaríamos	desmoralizaríeis	desmoralizariam
Subjunctive
Present	desmoralize	desmoralizes	desmoralize	desmoralizemos	desmoralizeis	desmoralizem
Imperfect	desmoralizasse	desmoralizasses	desmoralizasse	desmoralizássemos	desmoralizásseis	desmoralizassem
Future	desmoralizar	desmoralizares	desmoralizar	desmoralizarmos	desmoralizardes	desmoralizarem
Imperative
Affirmative		desmoraliza	desmoralize	desmoralizemos	desmoralizai	desmoralizem
Negative (não)		não desmoralizes	não desmoralize	não desmoralizemos	não desmoralizeis	não desmoralizem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /desmoɾaliˈθaɾ/ [d̪ez.mo.ɾa.liˈθaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /desmoɾaliˈsaɾ/ [d̪ez.mo.ɾa.liˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: des‧mo‧ra‧li‧zar

Verb

desmoralizar (first-person singular present desmoralizo, first-person singular preterite desmoralicé, past participle desmoralizado)

1. (transitive) to discourage, demoralize

   Synonym: desalentar

2. (transitive) to corrupt

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desmoralizar (c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			desmoralizar
gerund			desmoralizando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		desmoralizado		desmoralizada
		plural		desmoralizados		desmoralizadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desmoralizo	desmoralizastú desmoralizásvos	desmoraliza	desmoralizamos	desmoralizáis	desmoralizan
	imperfect	desmoralizaba	desmoralizabas	desmoralizaba	desmoralizábamos	desmoralizabais	desmoralizaban
	preterite	desmoralicé	desmoralizaste	desmoralizó	desmoralizamos	desmoralizasteis	desmoralizaron
	future	desmoralizaré	desmoralizarás	desmoralizará	desmoralizaremos	desmoralizaréis	desmoralizarán
	conditional	desmoralizaría	desmoralizarías	desmoralizaría	desmoralizaríamos	desmoralizaríais	desmoralizarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desmoralice	desmoralicestú desmoralicésvos2	desmoralice	desmoralicemos	desmoralicéis	desmoralicen
	imperfect (ra)	desmoralizara	desmoralizaras	desmoralizara	desmoralizáramos	desmoralizarais	desmoralizaran
	imperfect (se)	desmoralizase	desmoralizases	desmoralizase	desmoralizásemos	desmoralizaseis	desmoralizasen
	future1	desmoralizare	desmoralizares	desmoralizare	desmoralizáremos	desmoralizareis	desmoralizaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		desmoralizatú desmoralizávos	desmoralice	desmoralicemos	desmoralizad	desmoralicen
	negative		no desmoralices	no desmoralice	no desmoralicemos	no desmoralicéis	no desmoralicen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of desmoralizar (c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive desmoralizar
	dative	desmoralizarme	desmoralizarte	desmoralizarle, desmoralizarse	desmoralizarnos	desmoralizaros	desmoralizarles, desmoralizarse
	accusative	desmoralizarme	desmoralizarte	desmoralizarlo, desmoralizarla, desmoralizarse	desmoralizarnos	desmoralizaros	desmoralizarlos, desmoralizarlas, desmoralizarse
with gerund desmoralizando
	dative	desmoralizándome	desmoralizándote	desmoralizándole, desmoralizándose	desmoralizándonos	desmoralizándoos	desmoralizándoles, desmoralizándose
	accusative	desmoralizándome	desmoralizándote	desmoralizándolo, desmoralizándola, desmoralizándose	desmoralizándonos	desmoralizándoos	desmoralizándolos, desmoralizándolas, desmoralizándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative desmoraliza
	dative	desmoralízame	desmoralízate	desmoralízale	desmoralízanos	not used	desmoralízales
	accusative	desmoralízame	desmoralízate	desmoralízalo, desmoralízala	desmoralízanos	not used	desmoralízalos, desmoralízalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative desmoralizá
	dative	desmoralizame	desmoralizate	desmoralizale	desmoralizanos	not used	desmoralizales
	accusative	desmoralizame	desmoralizate	desmoralizalo, desmoralizala	desmoralizanos	not used	desmoralizalos, desmoralizalas
with formal second-person singular imperative desmoralice
	dative	desmoralíceme	not used	desmoralícele, desmoralícese	desmoralícenos	not used	desmoralíceles
	accusative	desmoralíceme	not used	desmoralícelo, desmoralícela, desmoralícese	desmoralícenos	not used	desmoralícelos, desmoralícelas
with first-person plural imperative desmoralicemos
	dative	not used	desmoralicémoste	desmoralicémosle	desmoralicémonos	desmoralicémoos	desmoralicémosles
	accusative	not used	desmoralicémoste	desmoralicémoslo, desmoralicémosla	desmoralicémonos	desmoralicémoos	desmoralicémoslos, desmoralicémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative desmoralizad
	dative	desmoralizadme	not used	desmoralizadle	desmoralizadnos	desmoralizaos	desmoralizadles
	accusative	desmoralizadme	not used	desmoralizadlo, desmoralizadla	desmoralizadnos	desmoralizaos	desmoralizadlos, desmoralizadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative desmoralicen
	dative	desmoralícenme	not used	desmoralícenle	desmoralícennos	not used	desmoralícenles, desmoralícense
	accusative	desmoralícenme	not used	desmoralícenlo, desmoralícenla	desmoralícennos	not used	desmoralícenlos, desmoralícenlas, desmoralícense

Derived terms

• desmoralización
• desmoralizador

 

Further reading

• “desmoralizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28