decerto

See also: de certo

Latin

Etymology

From dē- +‎ certō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /deːˈker.toː/, [d̪eːˈkɛrt̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /deˈt͡ʃer.to/, [d̪eˈt͡ʃɛrt̪o]

Verb

dēcertō (present infinitive dēcertāre, perfect active dēcertāvī, supine dēcertātum); first conjugation

1. to fight (to the finish)

   Synonyms: dēcernō, lūctor, repugnō, pugnō, contendō, committō, concurrō, certō, bellō, dīmicō, cōnflīgō, serō

2. to contend, dispute or argue

   Synonyms: certō, contendō

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44:

     Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.

     If they chose to make a second trial, he was ready to encounter them again; but if they chose to enjoy peace, it was unfair to refuse the tribute, which of their own free-will they had paid up to that time.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of dēcertō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	dēcertō		dēcertās		dēcertat		dēcertāmus		dēcertātis		dēcertant
	imperfect	dēcertābam		dēcertābās		dēcertābat		dēcertābāmus		dēcertābātis		dēcertābant
	future	dēcertābō		dēcertābis		dēcertābit		dēcertābimus		dēcertābitis		dēcertābunt
	perfect	dēcertāvī		dēcertāvistī		dēcertāvit		dēcertāvimus		dēcertāvistis		dēcertāvērunt, dēcertāvēre
	pluperfect	dēcertāveram		dēcertāverās		dēcertāverat		dēcertāverāmus		dēcertāverātis		dēcertāverant
	future perfect	dēcertāverō		dēcertāveris		dēcertāverit		dēcertāverimus		dēcertāveritis		dēcertāverint
passive	present	dēcertor		dēcertāris, dēcertāre		dēcertātur		dēcertāmur		dēcertāminī		dēcertantur
	imperfect	dēcertābar		dēcertābāris, dēcertābāre		dēcertābātur		dēcertābāmur		dēcertābāminī		dēcertābantur
	future	dēcertābor		dēcertāberis, dēcertābere		dēcertābitur		dēcertābimur		dēcertābiminī		dēcertābuntur
	perfect	dēcertātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	dēcertātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	dēcertātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	dēcertem		dēcertēs		dēcertet		dēcertēmus		dēcertētis		dēcertent
	imperfect	dēcertārem		dēcertārēs		dēcertāret		dēcertārēmus		dēcertārētis		dēcertārent
	perfect	dēcertāverim		dēcertāverīs		dēcertāverit		dēcertāverīmus		dēcertāverītis		dēcertāverint
	pluperfect	dēcertāvissem		dēcertāvissēs		dēcertāvisset		dēcertāvissēmus		dēcertāvissētis		dēcertāvissent
passive	present	dēcerter		dēcertēris, dēcertēre		dēcertētur		dēcertēmur		dēcertēminī		dēcertentur
	imperfect	dēcertārer		dēcertārēris, dēcertārēre		dēcertārētur		dēcertārēmur		dēcertārēminī		dēcertārentur
	perfect	dēcertātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	dēcertātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		dēcertā		—		—		dēcertāte		—
	future	—		dēcertātō		dēcertātō		—		dēcertātōte		dēcertantō
passive	present	—		dēcertāre		—		—		dēcertāminī		—
	future	—		dēcertātor		dēcertātor		—		—		dēcertantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		dēcertāre			dēcertārī			dēcertāns			—
future		dēcertātūrum esse			dēcertātum īrī			dēcertātūrus			dēcertandus
perfect		dēcertāvisse			dēcertātum esse			—			dēcertātus
future perfect		—			dēcertātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		dēcertātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		dēcertandī		dēcertandō		dēcertandum		dēcertandō		dēcertātum		dēcertātū

References

• “decerto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “decerto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• decerto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to fight a decisive battle: proelio, armis decertare (B. G. 1. 50)
    

Portuguese

Etymology

From de +‎ certo.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒiˈsɛʁ.tu/ [d͡ʒiˈsɛh.tu]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒiˈsɛʁ.tu/ [d͡ʒiˈsɛh.tu]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒiˈsɛɾ.tu/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒiˈsɛʁ.tu/ [d͡ʒiˈsɛχ.tu]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒiˈsɛɻ.to/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨˈsɛɾ.tu/

• Hyphenation: de‧cer‧to

Adverb

decerto (not comparable)

1. certainly