crispar

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin crispāre (“to curl”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈpa(ʁ)/ [kɾisˈpa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈpa(ʁ)/ [kɾisˈpa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈpa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈpa(ʁ)/ [kɾiʃˈpa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈpa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈpaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈpaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈpa.ɾi/

Verb

crispar (first-person singular present crispo, first-person singular preterite crispei, past participle crispado)

1. (transitive) to crease; to wrinkle
2. (of a face, pronominal) to express stress or anxiety

Conjugation

    Conjugation of crispar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	crispar
Personal	crispar	crispares	crispar	crisparmos	crispardes	crisparem
Gerund
	crispando
Past participle
Masculine	crispado			crispados
Feminine	crispada			crispadas
Indicative
Present	crispo	crispas	crispa	crispamos	crispais	crispam
Imperfect	crispava	crispavas	crispava	crispávamos	crispáveis	crispavam
Preterite	crispei	crispaste	crispou	crispamos1, crispámos2	crispastes	crisparam
Pluperfect	crispara	crisparas	crispara	crispáramos	crispáreis	crisparam
Future	crisparei	crisparás	crispará	crisparemos	crispareis	crisparão
Conditional	crisparia	crisparias	crisparia	crisparíamos	crisparíeis	crispariam
Subjunctive
Present	crispe	crispes	crispe	crispemos	crispeis	crispem
Imperfect	crispasse	crispasses	crispasse	crispássemos	crispásseis	crispassem
Future	crispar	crispares	crispar	crisparmos	crispardes	crisparem
Imperative
Affirmative		crispa	crispe	crispemos	crispai	crispem
Negative (não)		não crispes	não crispe	não crispemos	não crispeis	não crispem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• crespo

Further reading

• “crispar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin crispāre. Doublet of crespar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾisˈpaɾ/ [kɾisˈpaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: cris‧par

Verb

crispar (first-person singular present crispo, first-person singular preterite crispé, past participle crispado)

1. (transitive) to irritate

   Synonyms: irritar, exasperar

2. (transitive) to twitch

Conjugation

    Conjugation of crispar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			crispar
gerund			crispando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		crispado		crispada
		plural		crispados		crispadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	crispo	crispastú crispásvos	crispa	crispamos	crispáis	crispan
	imperfect	crispaba	crispabas	crispaba	crispábamos	crispabais	crispaban
	preterite	crispé	crispaste	crispó	crispamos	crispasteis	crisparon
	future	crisparé	crisparás	crispará	crisparemos	crisparéis	crisparán
	conditional	crisparía	crisparías	crisparía	crisparíamos	crisparíais	crisparían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	crispe	crispestú crispésvos2	crispe	crispemos	crispéis	crispen
	imperfect (ra)	crispara	crisparas	crispara	crispáramos	crisparais	crisparan
	imperfect (se)	crispase	crispases	crispase	crispásemos	crispaseis	crispasen
	future1	crispare	crispares	crispare	crispáremos	crispareis	crisparen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		crispatú crispávos	crispe	crispemos	crispad	crispen
	negative		no crispes	no crispe	no crispemos	no crispéis	no crispen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of crispar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive crispar
	dative	crisparme	crisparte	crisparle, crisparse	crisparnos	crisparos	crisparles, crisparse
	accusative	crisparme	crisparte	crisparlo, crisparla, crisparse	crisparnos	crisparos	crisparlos, crisparlas, crisparse
with gerund crispando
	dative	crispándome	crispándote	crispándole, crispándose	crispándonos	crispándoos	crispándoles, crispándose
	accusative	crispándome	crispándote	crispándolo, crispándola, crispándose	crispándonos	crispándoos	crispándolos, crispándolas, crispándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative crispa
	dative	críspame	críspate	críspale	críspanos	not used	críspales
	accusative	críspame	críspate	críspalo, críspala	críspanos	not used	críspalos, críspalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative crispá
	dative	crispame	crispate	crispale	crispanos	not used	crispales
	accusative	crispame	crispate	crispalo, crispala	crispanos	not used	crispalos, crispalas
with formal second-person singular imperative crispe
	dative	críspeme	not used	críspele, críspese	críspenos	not used	críspeles
	accusative	críspeme	not used	críspelo, críspela, críspese	críspenos	not used	críspelos, críspelas
with first-person plural imperative crispemos
	dative	not used	crispémoste	crispémosle	crispémonos	crispémoos	crispémosles
	accusative	not used	crispémoste	crispémoslo, crispémosla	crispémonos	crispémoos	crispémoslos, crispémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative crispad
	dative	crispadme	not used	crispadle	crispadnos	crispaos	crispadles
	accusative	crispadme	not used	crispadlo, crispadla	crispadnos	crispaos	crispadlos, crispadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative crispen
	dative	críspenme	not used	críspenle	críspennos	not used	críspenles, críspense
	accusative	críspenme	not used	críspenlo, críspenla	críspennos	not used	críspenlos, críspenlas, críspense

Derived terms

• crispar los nervios

 

Further reading

• “crispar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28