companio

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-?

Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm

Proto-Italic *kom

Old Latin com

Latin cum

Latin con-

Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-der.?

Latin pānis

Proto-Indo-European *-h₃onh₂-der.

Latin -ō

Proto-West Germanic *gahlaibōcalq.

Latin companio

From con- (“with”) +‎ pānis m (“bread”) +‎ -ō m (noun-forming suffix), a calque of Proto-West Germanic *gahlaibō m (“messmate”, literally “person with whom one shares bread”). First documented in the Lex Salica.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /komˈpaː.ni.oː/, [kɔmˈpäːnioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /komˈpa.ni.o/, [komˈpäːnio]

Noun

compāniō m (genitive compāniōnis); third declension (Late Latin)

1. comrade

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	compāniō	compāniōnēs
genitive	compāniōnis	compāniōnum
dative	compāniōnī	compāniōnibus
accusative	compāniōnem	compāniōnēs
ablative	compāniōne	compāniōnibus
vocative	compāniō	compāniōnēs

Derived terms

• *compānia f

Descendants

Via the nominative compāniō:

• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: cumpagnu
  • Italian: compagno, ⇒ compagna
  • Sicilian: cumpagnu
• North Italian:
  • Istriot: cunpagno
  • Romansch: compogn, compagn
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: compaing, compain, compaign, cumpain, compainz (with analogical nominative /-s/) (see there for further descendants)
    • French: copain, ⇒ compagne
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: company ⇒ companya
  • Occitan: companh ⇒ companha
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Spanish: compaño (obsolete)

Via the accusative compāniōnem:

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: compagnone
  • Sicilian: cumpagnuni
• North Italian:
  • Old Lombard: compagnon
  • Old Venetan: compagnò
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: compaignon (see there for further descendants)
    • French: compagnon
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: companyó
  • Old Occitan: companhon, compalhó
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: companhão
    • Northern Portugal: ⇒ companhões (testicles)
  • Spanish: compañón