chamuscar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chamuscar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from chama (“flame”), perhaps blended with charamusca, faísca, "spark, hot ash".

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃamusˈkaɾ/

Verb

chamuscar (first-person singular present chamusco, first-person singular preterite chamusquei, past participle chamuscado)

1. to singe (to burn slightly)
2. to singe (to remove the hair by passing it over a flame)
   • 1391, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada / A Coruña: Ediciós do Castro, page 106:

     e que nos diades mays uos e todas uosas uozes para senpre de cada hun anos hun porco chamoscado, que seja sen maliça, con pan e con vino, segundo huso e costume da comarca

     and you and your successors shall give us, each year and forever, a singed pork, free of any malice, with bread and wine, as it is customary in the shire

3. to scorch (to become scorched)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chamuscar (c-qu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chamuscar
Personal	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscaren
Gerund
	chamuscando
Past participle
Masculine	chamuscado			chamuscados
Feminine	chamuscada			chamuscadas
Indicative
Present	chamusco	chamuscas	chamusca	chamuscamos	chamuscades	chamuscan
Imperfect	chamuscaba	chamuscabas	chamuscaba	chamuscabamos	chamuscabades	chamuscaban
Preterite	chamusquei	chamuscaches	chamuscou	chamuscamos	chamuscastes	chamuscaron
Pluperfect	chamuscara	chamuscaras	chamuscara	chamuscaramos	chamuscarades	chamuscaran
Future	chamuscarei	chamuscarás	chamuscará	chamuscaremos	chamuscaredes	chamuscarán
Conditional	chamuscaría	chamuscarías	chamuscaría	chamuscariamos	chamuscariades	chamuscarían
Subjunctive
Present	chamusque	chamusques	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamusquedes	chamusquen
Imperfect	chamuscase	chamuscases	chamuscase	chamuscásemos	chamuscásedes	chamuscasen
Future	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscaren
Imperative
Affirmative		chamusca	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamuscade	chamusquen
Negative (non)		non chamusques	non chamusque	non chamusquemos	non chamusquedes	non chamusquen

    Reintegrated conjugation of chamuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chamuscar
Personal	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscarem
Gerund
	chamuscando
Past participle
Masculine	chamuscado			chamuscados
Feminine	chamuscada			chamuscadas
Indicative
Present	chamusco	chamuscas	chamusca	chamuscamos	chamuscades, chamuscais	chamuscam
Imperfect	chamuscava	chamuscavas	chamuscava	chamuscávamos	chamuscávades, chamuscáveis, chamuscávais1	chamuscavam
Preterite	chamusquei	chamuscaste, chamuscache1	chamuscou	chamuscamos	chamuscastes	chamuscárom, chamuscaram
Pluperfect	chamuscara	chamuscaras	chamuscara	chamuscáramos	chamuscárades, chamuscáreis, chamuscárais1	chamuscaram
Future	chamuscarei	chamuscarás	chamuscará	chamuscaremos	chamuscaredes, chamuscareis	chamuscarám, chamuscarão
Conditional	chamuscaria	chamuscarias	chamuscaria	chamuscaríamos	chamuscaríades, chamuscaríeis, chamuscaríais1	chamuscariam
Subjunctive
Present	chamusque	chamusques	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamusquedes, chamusqueis	chamusquem
Imperfect	chamuscasse	chamuscasses	chamuscasse	chamuscássemos	chamuscássedes, chamuscásseis	chamuscassem
Future	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscarem
Imperative
Affirmative		chamusca	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamuscade, chamuscai	chamusquem
Negative (nom)		nom chamusques	nom chamusque	nom chamusquemos	nom chamusquedes, nom chamusqueis	nom chamusquem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• chamuscado
• chamusco

Descendants

• → Spanish: chamuscar

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “chamuscar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “Chamuscar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “chamuscar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “chamuscar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “chamuscar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “chamuscar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chamuscar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chamuscar, ultimately from Old Galician-Portuguese chama, perhaps influenced by faiscar or enfuscar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃa.musˈka(ʁ)/ [ʃa.musˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃa.musˈka(ʁ)/ [ʃa.musˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʃa.musˈka(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʃa.muʃˈka(ʁ)/ [ʃa.muʃˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃa.musˈka(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ.muʃˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ.muʃˈkaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɐ.muʃˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ.muʃˈka.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: cha‧mus‧car

Verb

chamuscar (first-person singular present chamusco, first-person singular preterite chamusquei, past participle chamuscado)

1. to singe (to burn slightly)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chamuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chamuscar
Personal	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscarem
Gerund
	chamuscando
Past participle
Masculine	chamuscado			chamuscados
Feminine	chamuscada			chamuscadas
Indicative
Present	chamusco	chamuscas	chamusca	chamuscamos	chamuscais	chamuscam
Imperfect	chamuscava	chamuscavas	chamuscava	chamuscávamos	chamuscáveis	chamuscavam
Preterite	chamusquei	chamuscaste	chamuscou	chamuscamos1, chamuscámos2	chamuscastes	chamuscaram
Pluperfect	chamuscara	chamuscaras	chamuscara	chamuscáramos	chamuscáreis	chamuscaram
Future	chamuscarei	chamuscarás	chamuscará	chamuscaremos	chamuscareis	chamuscarão
Conditional	chamuscaria	chamuscarias	chamuscaria	chamuscaríamos	chamuscaríeis	chamuscariam
Subjunctive
Present	chamusque	chamusques	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamusqueis	chamusquem
Imperfect	chamuscasse	chamuscasses	chamuscasse	chamuscássemos	chamuscásseis	chamuscassem
Future	chamuscar	chamuscares	chamuscar	chamuscarmos	chamuscardes	chamuscarem
Imperative
Affirmative		chamusca	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamuscai	chamusquem
Negative (não)		não chamusques	não chamusque	não chamusquemos	não chamusqueis	não chamusquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• chamuscado
• chamuscamento

Descendants

• Spanish: chamuscar

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese chamuscar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃamusˈkaɾ/ [t͡ʃa.musˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: cha‧mus‧car

Verb

chamuscar (first-person singular present chamusco, first-person singular preterite chamusqué, past participle chamuscado)

1. (transitive) to scorch, to singe

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chamuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			chamuscar
gerund			chamuscando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		chamuscado		chamuscada
		plural		chamuscados		chamuscadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	chamusco	chamuscastú chamuscásvos	chamusca	chamuscamos	chamuscáis	chamuscan
	imperfect	chamuscaba	chamuscabas	chamuscaba	chamuscábamos	chamuscabais	chamuscaban
	preterite	chamusqué	chamuscaste	chamuscó	chamuscamos	chamuscasteis	chamuscaron
	future	chamuscaré	chamuscarás	chamuscará	chamuscaremos	chamuscaréis	chamuscarán
	conditional	chamuscaría	chamuscarías	chamuscaría	chamuscaríamos	chamuscaríais	chamuscarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	chamusque	chamusquestú chamusquésvos2	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamusquéis	chamusquen
	imperfect (ra)	chamuscara	chamuscaras	chamuscara	chamuscáramos	chamuscarais	chamuscaran
	imperfect (se)	chamuscase	chamuscases	chamuscase	chamuscásemos	chamuscaseis	chamuscasen
	future1	chamuscare	chamuscares	chamuscare	chamuscáremos	chamuscareis	chamuscaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		chamuscatú chamuscávos	chamusque	chamusquemos	chamuscad	chamusquen
	negative		no chamusques	no chamusque	no chamusquemos	no chamusquéis	no chamusquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of chamuscar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive chamuscar
	dative	chamuscarme	chamuscarte	chamuscarle, chamuscarse	chamuscarnos	chamuscaros	chamuscarles, chamuscarse
	accusative	chamuscarme	chamuscarte	chamuscarlo, chamuscarla, chamuscarse	chamuscarnos	chamuscaros	chamuscarlos, chamuscarlas, chamuscarse
with gerund chamuscando
	dative	chamuscándome	chamuscándote	chamuscándole, chamuscándose	chamuscándonos	chamuscándoos	chamuscándoles, chamuscándose
	accusative	chamuscándome	chamuscándote	chamuscándolo, chamuscándola, chamuscándose	chamuscándonos	chamuscándoos	chamuscándolos, chamuscándolas, chamuscándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative chamusca
	dative	chamúscame	chamúscate	chamúscale	chamúscanos	not used	chamúscales
	accusative	chamúscame	chamúscate	chamúscalo, chamúscala	chamúscanos	not used	chamúscalos, chamúscalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative chamuscá
	dative	chamuscame	chamuscate	chamuscale	chamuscanos	not used	chamuscales
	accusative	chamuscame	chamuscate	chamuscalo, chamuscala	chamuscanos	not used	chamuscalos, chamuscalas
with formal second-person singular imperative chamusque
	dative	chamúsqueme	not used	chamúsquele, chamúsquese	chamúsquenos	not used	chamúsqueles
	accusative	chamúsqueme	not used	chamúsquelo, chamúsquela, chamúsquese	chamúsquenos	not used	chamúsquelos, chamúsquelas
with first-person plural imperative chamusquemos
	dative	not used	chamusquémoste	chamusquémosle	chamusquémonos	chamusquémoos	chamusquémosles
	accusative	not used	chamusquémoste	chamusquémoslo, chamusquémosla	chamusquémonos	chamusquémoos	chamusquémoslos, chamusquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative chamuscad
	dative	chamuscadme	not used	chamuscadle	chamuscadnos	chamuscaos	chamuscadles
	accusative	chamuscadme	not used	chamuscadlo, chamuscadla	chamuscadnos	chamuscaos	chamuscadlos, chamuscadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative chamusquen
	dative	chamúsquenme	not used	chamúsquenle	chamúsquennos	not used	chamúsquenles, chamúsquense
	accusative	chamúsquenme	not used	chamúsquenlo, chamúsquenla	chamúsquennos	not used	chamúsquenlos, chamúsquenlas, chamúsquense

Further reading

• “chamuscar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28