calfar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *calfāre, from Latin cal(e)facere. Compare French chauffer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [kəlˈfa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [kalˈfaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

calfar (first-person singular present calfo, first-person singular preterite calfí, past participle calfat)

1. Synonym of escalfar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of calfar (first conjugation)

infinitive			calfar
gerund			calfant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		calfat		calfada
		plural		calfats		calfades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	calfo	calfes	calfa	calfem	calfeu	calfen
	imperfect	calfava	calfaves	calfava	calfàvem	calfàveu	calfaven
	future	calfaré	calfaràs	calfarà	calfarem	calfareu	calfaran
	preterite	calfí	calfares	calfà	calfàrem	calfàreu	calfaren
	conditional	calfaria	calfaries	calfaria	calfaríem	calfaríeu	calfarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	calfi	calfis	calfi	calfem	calfeu	calfin
	imperfect	calfés	calfessis	calfés	calféssim	calféssiu	calfessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	calfa	calfi	calfem	calfeu	calfin
	negative (no)	—	no calfis	no calfi	no calfem	no calfeu	no calfin

Further reading

• “calfar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “calfar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “calfar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “calfar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Occitan

Alternative forms

• caufar, chaufar

Etymology

From Old Occitan calfar, from Vulgar Latin *calfāre, from Latin cal(e)facere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Limousin) [sɔʷˈfa]
• IPA^(key): (Auvergnat) [tsoˈfɑ]
• IPA^(key): (Gascon) [kau̯ˈha]

  • Audio:

    (file)

• IPA^(key): (Provençal) [tʃɔʷˈfa]
• IPA^(key): (East Languedocien) [kaʷˈfa]

  • Audio:

    (file)

• IPA^(key): (West Languedocien) [kalˈfa]

  • Audio:

    (file)

Verb

calfar

1. to heat (heat up)

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		calfar			aver calfat
gerund		calfant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		calfat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	calfi	calfas	calfa	calfam	calfatz	calfan
	imperfect	calfavi	calfavas	calfava	calfàvem	calfàvetz	calfavan
	preterite	calfèri	calfères	calfèt	calfèrem	calfèretz	calfèron
	future	calfarai	calfaràs	calfarà	calfarem	calfaretz	calfaràn
	conditional	calfariái	calfariás	calfariá	calfariam	calfariatz	calfarián
	conditional 2nd form1	calfèra	calfèras	calfèra	calferam	calferatz	calfèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfe	calfem	calfetz	calfen
	imperfect	calfèssi	calfèsses	calfèsse	calfèssem	calfèssetz	calfèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			calfa		calfem	calfatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		calfar			aver calfat
gerund		calfant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		calfat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfa	calfam	calfatz	calfon
	imperfect	calfave	calfaves	calfava	calfaviam	calfaviatz	calfavon
	preterite	calfere	calferes	calfet	calfem	calfetz	calferon
	future	calfarai	calfaràs	calfará	calfarem	calfaretz	calfarán
	conditional	calfariá	calfariás	calfariá	calfariam	calfariatz	calfarián
	conditional 2nd form1	calfèra	calfèras	calfèra	calferam	calferatz	calfèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfe	calfassiam	calfassiatz	calfon
	imperfect	calfesse	calfesses	calfesse	calfessiam	calfessiatz	calfesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			calfa		calfassiam	calfatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		calfar			aver calfat
gerund		calfant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		calfat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	calfi	calfas	calfa	calfam	calfatz	calfan
	imperfect	calfavi	calfavas	calfava	calfàvam	calfàvatz	calfavan
	preterite	calfèi	calfès	calfè	calfèm	calfètz	calfèn
	future	calfarèi	calfaràs	calfarà	calfaram	calfaratz	calfaràn
	conditional	calfarí	calfarés	calfaré	calfarem	calfaretz	calfarén
	conditional 2nd form1	calfèra	calfèras	calfèra	calferam	calferatz	calfèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	calfi	calfes	calfe	calfem	calfetz	calfen
	imperfect	calfèssi	calfèsses	calfèsse	calfèssem	calfèssetz	calfèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			calfa		calfem	calfatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		calfar			aver calfat
gerund		calfant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		calfat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	calfe	calfas	calfa	calfam	calfatz	calfan
	imperfect	calfava	calfavas	calfava	calfàvam	calfàvatz	calfavan
	preterite	calfei	calferas	calfet	calfèram	calfèratz	calferan
	future	calfarai	calfaràs	calfará	calfarem	calfaretz	calfarán
	conditional	calfariá	calfariàs	calfariá	calfariam	calfariatz	calfarián
	conditional 2nd form1	calfèra	calfèras	calfèra	calferam	calferatz	calfèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfe	calfem	calfetz	calfen
	imperfect	calfèsse	calfèsses	calfèsse	calfèssem	calfèssetz	calfèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			calfa		calfem	calfatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		calfar			aver calfat
gerund		calfant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		calfat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfa	calfam	calfatz	calfan
	imperfect	calfavi	calfavas	calfava	calfàvem	calfàvetz	calfavan
	preterite	calfère	calfères	calfèt	calferiam	calferiatz	calfèron
	future	calfarai	calfaràs	calfarà	calfarem	calfaretz	calfaràn
	conditional	calfariáu	calfariás	calfariá	calfariam	calfariatz	calfarián
	conditional 2nd form1	calfèra	calfèras	calfèra	calferam	calferatz	calfèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	calfe	calfes	calfe	calfem	calfetz	calfan
	imperfect	calfèsse	calfèsses	calfèsse	calfessiam	calfessiatz	calfèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			calfa		calfem	calfatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

References

• Müller, Daniela. 2011. Developments of the lateral in Occitan dialects and their Romance and cross-linguistic context. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Toulouse.