calculation

English

Etymology

From Middle English calculation, borrowed from Latin calculatio, calculationis. Morphologically calculate +‎ -ion

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kælkjuˈleɪʃən/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /kælkjəˈleɪʃən/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /kælkjəˈlæɪʃən/
• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun

calculation (countable and uncountable, plural calculations)

1. (mathematics, uncountable) The act or process of calculating.
2. (mathematics, countable) The result of calculating.
   • 1962, Hugh D. Young, chapter 3, in Statistical Treatment of Experimental Data, →ISBN, page 53:

     As a check on these calculations we note that the total probability for 0, 1, 2, or 3 successes must be one since there are no other possibilities.

   • 2012 January, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 30 April 2013, page 86:

     Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

3. (countable) Reckoning, estimate.

   By my calculation, we should be there by midnight.

4. (countable) An expectation based on circumstances.
5. (chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.

Synonyms

• (act or process of calculating): computation, evaluation, reckoning (old); see also Thesaurus:calculation
• (Result of calculation): sum
• (estimate): estimate, guess, reckoning, measurement
• (act or process of imagining sequences of moves): reading

Derived terms

• backcalculation
• calculational
• mental calculation
• miscalculation
• overcalculation
• precalculation
• recalculation
• retrocalculation
• subcalculation
• undercalculation

 

Related terms

• calculable
• calculate
• calculator
• calculus

Translations

act or process of calculating

• Afrikaans: berekening
• Arabic: حَسْب m (ḥasb), مُحَاسَبَة f (muḥāsaba)
• Armenian: հաշիվ (hy) (hašiv), հաշվում (hy) (hašvum), հաշվարկ (hy) (hašvark)
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܚܲܫܒܲܢܬܵܐ f (ḳāšbānta), ܚܘܼܫܒܵܢܵܐ m (ḳušbana)
• Azerbaijani: hesablama
• Belarusian: вылічэ́нне n (vyličénnje), разраху́нак m (razraxúnak), разлі́к m (razlík)
• Bulgarian: изчисле́ние (bg) n (izčislénie)
• Catalan: càlcul (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 計算／计算 (zh) (jìsuàn)

• Czech: výpočet (cs) m, propočet m, kalkulace f
• Danish: beregning c, udregning c, kalkulation c
• Esperanto: kalkulado
• Finnish: laskeminen (fi), laskenta (fi), lasku (fi)
• French: calcul (fr) m
• Galician: cálculo m
• German: Berechnung (de) f
• Greek: υπολογισμός (el) m (ypologismós)

  Ancient: συλλογισμός m (sullogismós)

• Hebrew: חִשׁוּב \ חישוב (he) m (khishuv)
• Hindi: गणना (hi) f (gaṇnā)
• Hungarian: számítás (hu)
• Ido: kalkulo (io)
• Irish: ríomh m
• Italian: conto (it) m
• Japanese: 計算 (ja) (けいさん, keisan)
• Kazakh: есептеу (esepteu), есеп (esep)
• Khmer: គណនា (km) (kĕəʼnaʼniə)
• Korean: 계산 (ko) (gyesan)
• Kyrgyz: эсептөө (ky) (eseptöö), эсепчил (ky) (esepcil)
• Latin: calculātiō
• Macedonian: пресметка f (presmetka), калкулација f (kalkulacija)
• Maltese: ħsieb m, taħsib m, kalkolu m
• Maori: tātaitanga
• Middle English: calculation
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: beregning m or f

• Ottoman Turkish: حساب (hisab), صان (san)
• Pashto: محاسبه f (mahāseba, mohāseba)
• Persian: محاسبه (fa) (mohâsebe)
• Polish: obliczenie (pl) n, obrachunek m, kalkulacja (pl) f
• Portuguese: cálculo (pt) m
• Romanian: calculare (ro) f, calcul (ro) n, calculație (ro) f
• Russian: вычисле́ние (ru) n (vyčislénije), исчисле́ние (ru) n (isčislénije), расчёт (ru) m (rasčót), подсчёт (ru) m (podsčót)
• Sanskrit: गणन (sa) n (gaṇana)
• Scottish Gaelic: tomhas m
• Slovak: výpočet m, prepočet m, kalkulácia f
• Somali: xisaab
• Spanish: cálculo (es)
• Swedish: beräkning (sv) c, räknande (sv) n
• Tagalog: taya, pagtaya, asok
• Tajik: муҳосиба (muhosiba)
• Thai: การคำนวณ (th) (gaan-kam-nuuan)
• Turkish: hesaplama (tr)
• Turkmen: hasaplama, rasçýot
• Ukrainian: обчи́слення n (občýslennja), ви́рахування n (výraxuvannja), ви́лічення (výličennja), обчи́слювання n (občýsljuvannja), обчисля́ння n (občysljánnja), розраху́нок (uk) m (rozraxúnok)
• Uzbek: hisoblash (uz)

result of calculating

• Armenian: հաշվարկ (hy) (hašvark)
• Czech: výpočet (cs) m
• Danish: kalkule c
• Farefare: kɛkrɛ
• Finnish: laskelma (fi), lasku (fi)
• Hebrew: חִשׁוּב \ חישוב (he) m (khishuv)
• Ido: kalkulo (io)
• Irish: suim f
• Italian: conto (it) m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: beregning m or f

• Portuguese: cômputo (pt) m
• Russian: расчёт (ru) m (rasčót)
• Spanish: cálculo (es) m, cómputo (es) m
• Swedish: uträkning (sv) c
• Tagalog: taya
• Turkish: sonuç (tr)
• Ukrainian: розраху́нок (uk) m (rozraxúnok), обчи́слення n (občýslennja)

reckoning, estimate

• Armenian: հաշվարկ (hy) (hašvark)
• Bulgarian: разче́т (bg) m (razčét)
• Danish: berebning c
• Esperanto: kalkulo
• Finnish: laskelma (fi), lasku (fi)
• Hebrew: חִשׁוּב \ חישוב (he) m (khishuv)
• Italian: conto (it) m
• Maori: tātaitanga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: beregning m or f

• Ottoman Turkish: حساب (hisab), صان (san)
• Portuguese: cálculo (pt) m, cômputo (pt) m, apuração (pt) f
• Russian: расчёт (ru) m (rasčót)
• Scottish Gaelic: tomhas m
• Spanish: cálculo (es) m
• Swedish: beräkning (sv) c, uträkning (sv) c
• Turkish: hesap (tr), tahmin (tr)
• Ukrainian: розраху́нок (uk) m (rozraxúnok)

expectation based on circumstances

• Armenian: հաշվարկ (hy) (hašvark)
• Bulgarian: предположе́ние (bg) n (predpoložénie)
• Finnish: laskelma (fi)
• Polish: kalkulacja (pl) f
• Russian: предположе́ние (ru) n (predpoložénije), расчёт (ru) m (rasčót)
• Scottish Gaelic: tomhas m
• Spanish: conjetura (es) f
• Turkish: hesap (tr)
• Ukrainian: розраху́нок (uk) m (rozraxúnok)

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