brigand

English

WOTD – 15 January 2009

Etymology

From Middle English brigaunt, bregaund circa 1400, from Old French brigand (“foot soldier”) attested from 1421, from Italian briga (“trouble, bother”), perhaps ultimately of Proto-Germanic or Celtic origin.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪɡənd

Noun

brigand (plural brigands)

2. (crime) An outlaw or bandit.

Derived terms

• brigandess
• brigandish
• brigandism
• brigandry

 

Related terms

• brigandage
• brigandine

Translations

bandit

• Armenian: ավազակ (hy) (avazak)

  Old Armenian: աւազակ (awazak)

• Azerbaijani: qaçaq, quldur
• Bashkir: юлбаҫар (yulbaśar)
• Bulgarian: разбо́йник (bg) m (razbójnik), банди́т (bg) m (bandít)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 強盜 / 强盗 (zh) (qiángdào), 土匪 (zh) (tǔfěi)

• Czech: zbojník (cs) m
• Danish: røver c
• Dutch: rover (nl), bandiet (nl)
• Esperanto: eksterleĝulo
• Finnish: rosvo (fi)
• French: brigand (fr) m, bandit (fr) m
• Georgian: ყაჩაღი (q̇ačaɣi), ავაზაკი (avazaḳi)
• German: Brigant (de) m
• Greek:

  Ancient: λῃστής m (lēistḗs)

• Hebrew: שודד (he) m, לסטים (he) m (listim)
• Hungarian: briganti (hu)
• Italian: bandito (it) m, brigante (it) m, malandrino (it) m, masnadiere (it) m
• Japanese: 山賊 (ja) (さんぞく, sanzoku)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: چەتە (çete)

• Latin: latrō (la) m
• Macedonian: ра́збојник m (rázbojnik), разбо́јничка f (razbójnička), разбо́јница f (razbójnica), банди́т m (bandít), банди́тка f (bandítka)
• Manx: roosteyr m
• Mingrelian: ავაზაკი (avazaḳi)
• Ottoman Turkish: حیدود (haydud), هایطه (hayta)
• Polish: bandyta (pl) m, zbój (pl) m
• Portuguese: bandido (pt) m
• Russian: разбо́йник (ru) m (razbójnik), разбо́йница (ru) f (razbójnica), банди́т (ru) m (bandít), банди́тка (ru) f (bandítka)
• Scottish Gaelic: spùinneadair m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ха̀јдӯк m, ба̀ндӣт

  Roman: hàjdūk (sh) m, bàndīt (sh) m

• Sicilian: briganti m or m pl or f or f pl
• Spanish: bandido (es) m
• Swedish: stråtrövare (sv)
• Turkish: eşkıya (tr), haydut (tr)
• Udi: абазакӏ (abazaḳ)
• Ukrainian: розбі́йник m (rozbíjnyk)

Anagrams

• Brading, barding

French

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʁi.ɡɑ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

brigand m (plural brigands)

1. (derogatory) thief

Adjective

brigand (feminine brigande, masculine plural brigands, feminine plural brigandes)

1. (Louisiana, Cajun) mischievous

Further reading

• “brigand”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Noun

brigand oblique singular, m (oblique plural briganz or brigantz, nominative singular briganz or brigantz, nominative plural brigand)

1. foot soldier

Descendants

• → English: brigand

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (brigand)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French brigand.

Noun

brigand m (plural briganzi)

1. brigand

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	brigand	brigandul		briganzi	briganzii
genitive-dative	brigand	brigandului		briganzi	briganzilor
vocative	brigandule			briganzilor