bilst

Latvian

Etymology

Underlyingly *bild-ti, an iR-vocalization of the zero-grade *bʰl̥- of Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to sound; to speak, roar, bark”) which gave rise to an (unattested) *bilt which was extended with an additional -d- giving bilst. Of the same origin as balss (“voice”). Cognate with Lithuanian bilti (“to speak”) (3rd pres. bilsta), bilsti (“to knock, rumble”), byla (“speech; case, file”), Old Prussian billīt, billītwei (“to say, speak”). Iterative bildēt (“to speak”) (whence atbildēt (“to respond”)), causative bildināt (“to propose someone”). Derksen reconstructs *bʰl̥d- already at a Proto-Indo-European stage, see Lithuanian bildėti.

Verb

bilst (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present bilstu, bilsti, bilst, past bildu)

1. (transitive) to utter; to say, especially in few words

Conjugation

Conjugation of bilst

	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)
1st person sg	es	bilstu	bildu		bildīšu	—
2nd person sg	tu	bilsti	bildi		bildīsi	bilsti
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	bilst	bilda		bildīs	lai bilst
1st person pl	mēs	bilstam	bildām		bildīsim	bildīsim
2nd person pl	jūs	bilstat	bildāt		bildīsiet, bildīsit	bilstiet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	bilst	bilda		bildīs	lai bilst
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	bilstot			present active 1 (adj.)		bilstošs
past	esot bildis			present active 2 (adv.)		bilzdams
future	bildīšot			present active 3 (adv.)		bilstot
imperative	lai bilstot			present active 4 (obj.)		bilstam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		bildis
present	bilstu			present passive		bilstams
past	būtu bildis			past passive		bilsts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jābilst			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		bilst
conjunctive 1	esot jābilst			negative infinitive		nebilst
conjunctive 2	jābilstot			verbal noun		bilšana

Related terms

• iebilst (“to object”)
• iebildums (“objection”)
• atbilst (“to correspond, match, suit”)
• atbilstība (“suitability, correspondence”)
• piebilst (“to add, note”)
• piebilde (“note, (an additional) condition”)
• aizbilst (“to put in a good word for someone”)
• aizbildnis (“legal guardian”)
• atbildēt (“to respond, reply”)
• atbilde (“response”)
• atbildība (“responsibility”)
• bildināt (“to propose someone”)