arx
Appearance
Azerbaijani
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Common Turkic *ārïk (“aryk, ditch; river, creek, brook”), from Proto-Turkic *ār-~*ar-~*ïr- (“to flow”), whence also Azerbaijani irmaq (“river”).[1]
Cognates
Noun
[edit]arx (definite accusative arxı, plural arxlar)
- irrigation ditch
- gutter
- Synonym: qanov
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | arx | arxlar |
definite accusative | arxı | arxları |
dative | arxa | arxlara |
locative | arxda | arxlarda |
ablative | arxdan | arxlardan |
definite genitive | arxın | arxların |
Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: արխ (arx)
References
[edit]- ^ Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 187-189
Further reading
[edit]- “arx” in Obastan.com.
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to protect, guard, hold, lock”). Cognates include Latin arca (“chest, box”), arceō (“I defend”), arcānus (“hidden, secret”), arcera (“covered carriage for sick people”), Old Armenian արգել (argel, “obstacle”) and Ancient Greek ἀρκέω (arkéō), Persian ارگ (arg, “citadel”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈarks/, [ˈärks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈarks/, [ˈärks]
Noun
[edit]arx f (genitive arcis); third declension
- stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis
- Vergil, Aeneid, 2.56:
- ... Trōiaque, nunc stārēs, Priamīque arx alta, manērēs.
- ... and Troy, you would now be standing, and Priam's mighty citadel still endure.
- ... Trōiaque, nunc stārēs, Priamīque arx alta, manērēs.
- (figuratively) defence, protection, refuge, bulwark
- tyranny (with arx as the abode of tyrants)
- Vergil, Aeneid, 2.56:
- (metonymic) height, summit, pinnacle, top, peak (since castles were often built on heights)
- 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.72:
- venit in hōc illa fulmen ab arce caput.
- It fell on this head [of mine], a thunderbolt from that height.
(Jupiter (mythology) hurled thunderbolts from heaven, whereas the Emperor Augustus, living atop the Palatine Hill, had sentenced Ovid to exile.)
- It fell on this head [of mine], a thunderbolt from that height.
- venit in hōc illa fulmen ab arce caput.
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun (i-stem).
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | arx | arcēs |
genitive | arcis | arcium |
dative | arcī | arcibus |
accusative | arcem | arcēs arcīs |
ablative | arce | arcibus |
vocative | arx | arcēs |
References
[edit]- “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "arx", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- arx in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “arx”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “arx”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
- “arx”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Categories:
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Proto-Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- az:Water
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erk-
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin metonyms
- Latin terms with quotations
- la:Buildings and structures