arruinar

See also: arruïnar

Portuguese

Etymology

From a- +‎ ruína +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ʁ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(h)], /a.ʁujˈna(ʁ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ʁ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(h)], /a.ʁujˈna(ʁ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ɾ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(ɾ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ɾ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ʁ)/ [a.χʊ.iˈna(χ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ʁ)/ [a.χuɪ̯ˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ɻ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(ɻ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ɻ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁu.iˈnaɾ/, /ɐ.ʁujˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁu.iˈnaɾ/, /ɐ.ʁujˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁu.iˈna.ɾi/, /ɐ.ʁujˈna.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ar‧ru‧i‧nar

Verb

arruinar (first-person singular present arruíno, first-person singular preterite arruinei, past participle arruinado)

1. to ruin, spoil

   Synonym: estragar

2. to bankrupt

   Synonym: falir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arruinar (i becomes í when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arruinar
Personal	arruinar	arruinares	arruinar	arruinarmos	arruinardes	arruinarem
Gerund
	arruinando
Past participle
Masculine	arruinado			arruinados
Feminine	arruinada			arruinadas
Indicative
Present	arruíno	arruínas	arruína	arruinamos	arruinais	arruínam
Imperfect	arruinava	arruinavas	arruinava	arruinávamos	arruináveis	arruinavam
Preterite	arruinei	arruinaste	arruinou	arruinamos1, arruinámos2	arruinastes	arruinaram
Pluperfect	arruinara	arruinaras	arruinara	arruináramos	arruináreis	arruinaram
Future	arruinarei	arruinarás	arruinará	arruinaremos	arruinareis	arruinarão
Conditional	arruinaria	arruinarias	arruinaria	arruinaríamos	arruinaríeis	arruinariam
Subjunctive
Present	arruíne	arruínes	arruíne	arruinemos	arruineis	arruínem
Imperfect	arruinasse	arruinasses	arruinasse	arruinássemos	arruinásseis	arruinassem
Future	arruinar	arruinares	arruinar	arruinarmos	arruinardes	arruinarem
Imperative
Affirmative		arruína	arruíne	arruinemos	arruinai	arruínem
Negative (não)		não arruínes	não arruíne	não arruinemos	não arruineis	não arruínem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From a- +‎ ruina +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arwiˈnaɾ/ [a.rwiˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧rrui‧nar

Verb

arruinar (first-person singular present arruino, first-person singular preterite arruiné, past participle arruinado)

1. (transitive) to ruin

   Synonym: ruinar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arruinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			arruinar
gerund			arruinando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		arruinado		arruinada
		plural		arruinados		arruinadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arruino	arruinastú arruinásvos	arruina	arruinamos	arruináis	arruinan
	imperfect	arruinaba	arruinabas	arruinaba	arruinábamos	arruinabais	arruinaban
	preterite	arruiné	arruinaste	arruinó	arruinamos	arruinasteis	arruinaron
	future	arruinaré	arruinarás	arruinará	arruinaremos	arruinaréis	arruinarán
	conditional	arruinaría	arruinarías	arruinaría	arruinaríamos	arruinaríais	arruinarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arruine	arruinestú arruinésvos2	arruine	arruinemos	arruinéis	arruinen
	imperfect (ra)	arruinara	arruinaras	arruinara	arruináramos	arruinarais	arruinaran
	imperfect (se)	arruinase	arruinases	arruinase	arruinásemos	arruinaseis	arruinasen
	future1	arruinare	arruinares	arruinare	arruináremos	arruinareis	arruinaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		arruinatú arruinávos	arruine	arruinemos	arruinad	arruinen
	negative		no arruines	no arruine	no arruinemos	no arruinéis	no arruinen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of arruinar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive arruinar	dative	arruinarme	arruinarte	arruinarle, arruinarse	arruinarnos	arruinaros	arruinarles, arruinarse
	accusative	arruinarme	arruinarte	arruinarlo, arruinarla, arruinarse	arruinarnos	arruinaros	arruinarlos, arruinarlas, arruinarse
with gerund arruinando	dative	arruinándome	arruinándote	arruinándole, arruinándose	arruinándonos	arruinándoos	arruinándoles, arruinándose
	accusative	arruinándome	arruinándote	arruinándolo, arruinándola, arruinándose	arruinándonos	arruinándoos	arruinándolos, arruinándolas, arruinándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative arruina	dative	arruíname	arruínate	arruínale	arruínanos	not used	arruínales
	accusative	arruíname	arruínate	arruínalo, arruínala	arruínanos	not used	arruínalos, arruínalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative arruiná	dative	arruiname	arruinate	arruinale	arruinanos	not used	arruinales
	accusative	arruiname	arruinate	arruinalo, arruinala	arruinanos	not used	arruinalos, arruinalas
with formal second-person singular imperative arruine	dative	arruíneme	not used	arruínele, arruínese	arruínenos	not used	arruíneles
	accusative	arruíneme	not used	arruínelo, arruínela, arruínese	arruínenos	not used	arruínelos, arruínelas
with first-person plural imperative arruinemos	dative	not used	arruinémoste	arruinémosle	arruinémonos	arruinémoos	arruinémosles
	accusative	not used	arruinémoste	arruinémoslo, arruinémosla	arruinémonos	arruinémoos	arruinémoslos, arruinémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative arruinad	dative	arruinadme	not used	arruinadle	arruinadnos	arruinaos	arruinadles
	accusative	arruinadme	not used	arruinadlo, arruinadla	arruinadnos	arruinaos	arruinadlos, arruinadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative arruinen	dative	arruínenme	not used	arruínenle	arruínennos	not used	arruínenles, arruínense
	accusative	arruínenme	not used	arruínenlo, arruínenla	arruínennos	not used	arruínenlos, arruínenlas, arruínense

Derived terms

• arruinador

 

See also

• destruir
• desvirgar

Further reading

• “arruinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10