ablaut

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See also: Ablaut

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”).[1] Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Examples

ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)

  1. (phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.][2]
    Synonym: alternation
    Hypernyms: gradation, apophony

Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)

  1. (intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel.
    • 1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ...‎[1], page 209:
      This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.
    • 1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies‎[2], page 241:
      What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut
    • 2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing‎[3], page 536:
      It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring
    • 2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview‎[4], page 219:
      This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.
  2. (transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel.

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Morris, William, editor (1969), The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published 1971, →ISBN, page 3
  2. ^ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “ablaut”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 5.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch ablaut, borrowed from German Ablaut, from ab- +‎ Laut.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: ab‧laut

Noun

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ablaut (plural ablaute)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut

Finnish

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Etymology

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From German Ablaut.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɑblɑut/, [ˈɑ̝blɑ̝ut̪]
  • Rhymes: -ɑblɑut
  • Hyphenation(key): ab‧la‧ut

Noun

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ablaut

  1. (linguistics) ablaut

Declension

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Inflection of ablaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative ablaut ablautit
genitive ablautin ablautien
partitive ablautia ablauteja
illative ablautiin ablauteihin
singular plural
nominative ablaut ablautit
accusative nom. ablaut ablautit
gen. ablautin
genitive ablautin ablautien
partitive ablautia ablauteja
inessive ablautissa ablauteissa
elative ablautista ablauteista
illative ablautiin ablauteihin
adessive ablautilla ablauteilla
ablative ablautilta ablauteilta
allative ablautille ablauteille
essive ablautina ablauteina
translative ablautiksi ablauteiksi
abessive ablautitta ablauteitta
instructive — ablautein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of ablaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative ablautini ablautini
accusative nom. ablautini ablautini
gen. ablautini
genitive ablautini ablautieni
partitive ablautiani ablautejani
inessive ablautissani ablauteissani
elative ablautistani ablauteistani
illative ablautiini ablauteihini
adessive ablautillani ablauteillani
ablative ablautiltani ablauteiltani
allative ablautilleni ablauteilleni
essive ablautinani ablauteinani
translative ablautikseni ablauteikseni
abessive ablautittani ablauteittani
instructive — —
comitative — ablauteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative ablautisi ablautisi
accusative nom. ablautisi ablautisi
gen. ablautisi
genitive ablautisi ablautiesi
partitive ablautiasi ablautejasi
inessive ablautissasi ablauteissasi
elative ablautistasi ablauteistasi
illative ablautiisi ablauteihisi
adessive ablautillasi ablauteillasi
ablative ablautiltasi ablauteiltasi
allative ablautillesi ablauteillesi
essive ablautinasi ablauteinasi
translative ablautiksesi ablauteiksesi
abessive ablautittasi ablauteittasi
instructive — —
comitative — ablauteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative ablautimme ablautimme
accusative nom. ablautimme ablautimme
gen. ablautimme
genitive ablautimme ablautiemme
partitive ablautiamme ablautejamme
inessive ablautissamme ablauteissamme
elative ablautistamme ablauteistamme
illative ablautiimme ablauteihimme
adessive ablautillamme ablauteillamme
ablative ablautiltamme ablauteiltamme
allative ablautillemme ablauteillemme
essive ablautinamme ablauteinamme
translative ablautiksemme ablauteiksemme
abessive ablautittamme ablauteittamme
instructive — —
comitative — ablauteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative ablautinne ablautinne
accusative nom. ablautinne ablautinne
gen. ablautinne
genitive ablautinne ablautienne
partitive ablautianne ablautejanne
inessive ablautissanne ablauteissanne
elative ablautistanne ablauteistanne
illative ablautiinne ablauteihinne
adessive ablautillanne ablauteillanne
ablative ablautiltanne ablauteiltanne
allative ablautillenne ablauteillenne
essive ablautinanne ablauteinanne
translative ablautiksenne ablauteiksenne
abessive ablautittanne ablauteittanne
instructive — —
comitative — ablauteinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative ablautinsa ablautinsa
accusative nom. ablautinsa ablautinsa
gen. ablautinsa
genitive ablautinsa ablautiensa
partitive ablautiaan
ablautiansa 		ablautejaan
ablautejansa
inessive ablautissaan
ablautissansa 		ablauteissaan
ablauteissansa
elative ablautistaan
ablautistansa 		ablauteistaan
ablauteistansa
illative ablautiinsa ablauteihinsa
adessive ablautillaan
ablautillansa 		ablauteillaan
ablauteillansa
ablative ablautiltaan
ablautiltansa 		ablauteiltaan
ablauteiltansa
allative ablautilleen
ablautillensa 		ablauteilleen
ablauteillensa
essive ablautinaan
ablautinansa 		ablauteinaan
ablauteinansa
translative ablautikseen
ablautiksensa 		ablauteikseen
ablauteiksensa
abessive ablautittaan
ablautittansa 		ablauteittaan
ablauteittansa
instructive — —
comitative — ablauteineen
ablauteinensa

Hungarian

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Hungarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia hu

Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ablaut (“ablaut”).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɒblɒut]
  • Hyphenation: ab‧laut[2]
  • Rhymes: -ut

Noun

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ablaut (plural ablautok)

  1. (phonology) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
    Synonyms: apofónia, tőhangváltás, tőhangváltozás, tőhangzóváltás, tőhangzóváltozás

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative ablaut ablautok
accusative ablautot ablautokat
dative ablautnak ablautoknak
instrumental ablauttal ablautokkal
causal-final ablautért ablautokért
translative ablauttá ablautokká
terminative ablautig ablautokig
essive-formal ablautként ablautokként
essive-modal — —
inessive ablautban ablautokban
superessive ablauton ablautokon
adessive ablautnál ablautoknál
illative ablautba ablautokba
sublative ablautra ablautokra
allative ablauthoz ablautokhoz
elative ablautból ablautokból
delative ablautról ablautokról
ablative ablauttól ablautoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		ablauté ablautoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		ablautéi ablautokéi
Possessive forms of ablaut
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. ablautom ablautjaim
2nd person sing. ablautod ablautjaid
3rd person sing. ablautja ablautjai
1st person plural ablautunk ablautjaink
2nd person plural ablautotok ablautjaitok
3rd person plural ablautjuk ablautjaik

References

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  1. ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
  2. ^ Laczkó, Krisztina with Attila Mártonfi (2006) Helyesírás [Orthography], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó, →ISBN, page 426

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From English ablaut, from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ablaut

  1. ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)

See also

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Further reading

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Portuguese

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Noun

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ablaut m (plural ablauts)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ablaut.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ablaut n (plural ablauturi)

  1. ablaut
    Synonym: apofonie

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative ablaut ablautul ablauturi ablauturile
genitive-dative ablaut ablautului ablauturi ablauturilor
vocative ablautule ablauturilor

Further reading

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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ablaut.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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àblaut m (Cyrillic spelling а̀блаут)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
    Synonyms: prévoj, prijévoj

Declension

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Declension of ablaut
singular plural
nominative àblaut ablauti
genitive ablauta ablauta
dative ablautu ablautima
accusative ablaut ablaute
vocative ablaute ablauti
locative ablautu ablautima
instrumental ablautom ablautima
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