ablaut
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”).[1] Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (US) IPA(key): /ˈɑbˌlaʊt/, /ˈɑpˌlaʊt/, /ˈæbˌlaʊt/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Canada): (file) - Rhymes: -aʊt
- Hyphenation: ab‧lowt
Noun
[edit]Examples |
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ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)
- (phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.][2]
- Synonym: alternation
- Hypernyms: gradation, apophony
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
[edit]ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)
- (intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel.
- 1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ...[1], page 209:
- This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.
- 1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies[2], page 241:
- What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut
- 2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing[3], page 536:
- It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring
- 2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview[4], page 219:
- This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.
- (transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel.
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Morris, William, editor (1969), The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published 1971, →ISBN, page 3
- ^ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “ablaut”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 5.
Anagrams
[edit]Afrikaans
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch ablaut, borrowed from German Ablaut, from ab- + Laut.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Hyphenation: ab‧laut
Noun
[edit]ablaut (plural ablaute)
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ablaut
Declension
[edit]Inflection of ablaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ablaut | ablautit | |
genitive | ablautin | ablautien | |
partitive | ablautia | ablauteja | |
illative | ablautiin | ablauteihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ablaut | ablautit | |
accusative | nom. | ablaut | ablautit |
gen. | ablautin | ||
genitive | ablautin | ablautien | |
partitive | ablautia | ablauteja | |
inessive | ablautissa | ablauteissa | |
elative | ablautista | ablauteista | |
illative | ablautiin | ablauteihin | |
adessive | ablautilla | ablauteilla | |
ablative | ablautilta | ablauteilta | |
allative | ablautille | ablauteille | |
essive | ablautina | ablauteina | |
translative | ablautiksi | ablauteiksi | |
abessive | ablautitta | ablauteitta | |
instructive | — | ablautein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Ablaut (“ablaut”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ablaut (plural ablautok)
- (phonology) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
- Synonyms: apofónia, tőhangváltás, tőhangváltozás, tőhangzóváltás, tőhangzóváltozás
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | ablaut | ablautok |
accusative | ablautot | ablautokat |
dative | ablautnak | ablautoknak |
instrumental | ablauttal | ablautokkal |
causal-final | ablautért | ablautokért |
translative | ablauttá | ablautokká |
terminative | ablautig | ablautokig |
essive-formal | ablautként | ablautokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | ablautban | ablautokban |
superessive | ablauton | ablautokon |
adessive | ablautnál | ablautoknál |
illative | ablautba | ablautokba |
sublative | ablautra | ablautokra |
allative | ablauthoz | ablautokhoz |
elative | ablautból | ablautokból |
delative | ablautról | ablautokról |
ablative | ablauttól | ablautoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
ablauté | ablautoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ablautéi | ablautokéi |
Possessive forms of ablaut | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | ablautom | ablautjaim |
2nd person sing. | ablautod | ablautjaid |
3rd person sing. | ablautja | ablautjai |
1st person plural | ablautunk | ablautjaink |
2nd person plural | ablautotok | ablautjaitok |
3rd person plural | ablautjuk | ablautjaik |
References
[edit]- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
- ^ Laczkó, Krisztina with Attila Mártonfi (2006) Helyesírás [Orthography], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó, →ISBN, page 426
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English ablaut, from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /aˈblaut/ [aˈbla.ʊt̪̚]
- Rhymes: -aut
- Syllabification: a‧bla‧ut
Noun
[edit]ablaut
- ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- ablaut on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia id
- “ablaut” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Portuguese
[edit]Noun
[edit]ablaut m (plural ablauts)
- (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ablaut n (plural ablauturi)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | ablaut | ablautul | ablauturi | ablauturile | |
genitive-dative | ablaut | ablautului | ablauturi | ablauturilor | |
vocative | ablautule | ablauturilor |
Further reading
[edit]- ablaut in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]àblaut m (Cyrillic spelling а̀блаут)
- (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
Declension
[edit]- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/aʊt
- Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Phonology
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Linguistics
- English terms with quotations
- English transitive verbs
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from German
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- af:Linguistics
- Finnish terms borrowed from German
- Finnish terms derived from German
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑblɑut
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑblɑut/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- fi:Linguistics
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- Hungarian terms borrowed from German
- Hungarian terms derived from German
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ut
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ut/3 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Phonology
- Indonesian terms borrowed from English
- Indonesian terms derived from English
- Indonesian terms derived from German
- Indonesian 3-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/aut
- Rhymes:Indonesian/aut/3 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Linguistics
- id:Phonology
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- pt:Linguistics
- Romanian terms borrowed from German
- Romanian terms derived from German
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from German
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from German
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Linguistics