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Appendix:Bengali pronunciation

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The following tables show the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) used to represent the various sounds of the Bengali language.

The bnPR transcription is devised for cases when the transliteration of a given Bengali term is markedly different from the actual pronunciation. It should be used in the |ts= parameter of a headword template or a link template.

Vowels

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The following tables list only oral monophthongs and all can be nasal. Nasal vowels generally occur in the Kolkata Standard, while nasalization is mostly absent in the Bangladeshi Standard.

IPA Examples
Kolkata Bangladeshi
a মার
æ ɛ
e লেম
i শারা
ɔ ল্প
o তি
u ল্টা

Consonants

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IPA bnPR Examples
b বাগান
ভারত
চা
tɕʰ[1] ছেলে
দি
d̪ʱ ধা
d ডান্ডা
ঢাকা
ɡ গোরু
ɡʱ ঘোড়া
ɦ হাওয়া
জামা
dʑʱ রনা
k কাগজ
খারাপ
l বণ
m
n কল
p পানি
f ফু
ɹ রা
ɽ~ɹ ড়
ɽʱ~ɽ~ɹ গাঢ়
ʃ ষে
s[2] সির্কা
তা
t̪ʰ থালা
t টা
ঠে
z[3] জিন্দাবাদ

Semivowels

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IPA Examples
j
w

Notes

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  1. ^ Also occurs as an allophone of /s/ or /ʃ/ before rhotic consonants.
  2. ^ Generally occurs word-initially and/or before dental, lateral and rhotic consonants. /s/ also occurs in loanwords, although it is often replaced with /ʃ/. [s] occurs as an allophone of /tɕʰ/ when geminated.
  3. ^ Generally occurs in loanwords, often replaced with /dʑ/. [z] occurs as an allophone of /dʑ/ or /dʑʱ/ before dental consonants.

References

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  • Chatterji, S.K. (1921) “Bengali Phonetics”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies[1], volume 2, →DOI, pages 1–25
  • Khan, Sameer ud Dowla (2010) “Bengali (Bangladeshi Standard)”, in Journal of the International Phonetic Association[2], volume 40, number 2, →DOI, pages 221–225