User:TagaSanPedroAko/Central Luzon cognate set
This is a list of cognates in the Central Luzon languages.
The Central Luzon languages is one of the sub-branches of the Philippine languages of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, and is composed of over 9 languages.
Most data for the lists is based on the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary by Robert Blust and The Sambalic Languages of Central Luzon by Roger Stone.
Subgroups and languages
[edit]This lists terms from the following languages and subgroups. Dialectal terms are marked with qualifiers.
- Kapampangan
- Sambalic
- Ayta Abenlen
- Ambala
- Bolinao
- Botolan
- Mag-Anchi Ayta
- Mag-Indi Ayta
- Mariveleño
- Sambali
- Remontado Agta
Cognates
[edit]| English translation | Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction | Kapampangan | Sambalic | Remontado Agta | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abenlen Ayta | Ambala | Bolinao | Botolan | Mag-Anchi Aeta | Mag-Indi Aeta | Mariveleño | Sambali | ||||
| bird | *ayup | ayup | |||||||||
| *manuk | manokmanok | manokmanok | manokmanok | manokmanok | manok | manuk | manokmanok | ||||
| crow | *uwak | uak | owak | owak | owak | owak | uwak | uwak | owak | ||
| fire | *apuy | api | apoy | apoy | apoy | apoy | apoy | apuy | apoy | ||
| dog | *asu | asu | aho | aho | aso | aso | aho | asu | aso | ||
| house | *balay | bale | baëy | bali | bali | bali | bali | bali | bali | ||
| water | *danum | danum | lanom | lanom | lanom | ranom | lanëm | lanëm | lanom | ||
| woman | *babai | babai | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | babayi | ||
| year | *banwa | banua | |||||||||
| *taun | taon | taon | taon | taon | taon | taun | taon | ||||
Numbers
[edit]| English translation | Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction | Kapampangan | Central Bisayan | Remontado Agta | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ayta Abenlen | Ambala | Bolinao | Botolan | Mag-Anchi Aeta | Mag-Indi Aeta | Mariveleño | Sambali | ||||
| one | isa | isa | |||||||||
Reflexes
[edit]Following are the reflexes of Proto-Central Luzon sounds in each language:
- PCL *s
- Kapampangan: retained
- Sambalic: becomes H (with exceptions)
- PCL *-uy
- Kapampangan: monophthongized to /i/
- Sambalic: retained (either as /oj/ or /uj/)