Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wrīban
 |
This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wreyp- / *wrīp-, from a labial extension of Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn”),[1] whence Ancient Greek ῥίπτω (rhíptō, “to throw, cast”), though this is disputed.[2][3]
Verb
[edit]*wrīban
Inflection
[edit]| Strong class 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *wrīban | |
| 1st sg. past | *wraib | |
| 3rd pl. past | *wribun | |
| Past ptcple | *wriban | |
| Infinitive | *wrīban | |
| Genitive infin. | *wrībannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *wrībannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *wrībannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *wrību | *wraib |
| 2nd singular | *wrībiʀi | *wribī |
| 3rd singular | *wrībidi | *wraib |
| 1st plural | *wrībum | *wribum |
| 2nd plural | *wrībid | *wribud |
| 3rd plural | *wrīband | *wribun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *wrībē | *wribī |
| 2nd singular | *wrībēs | *wribī |
| 3rd singular | *wrībē | *wribī |
| 1st plural | *wrībēm | *wribīm |
| 2nd plural | *wrībēþ | *wribīd |
| 3rd plural | *wrībēn | *wribīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *wrīb | |
| Plural | *wrībid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *wrībandī | *wriban |
Descendants
[edit]- Old Frisian: *wrīva
- Old Saxon: wrīvan
- Middle Low German: wrîven, rîven
- Dutch Low Saxon:
- Twents: frieuwen
- German Low German:
- Altmärkisch: riwen
- East Frisian: rieven
- Mecklenburgisch, Pommerellisch, Northern Low Saxon (Bremisch): wriwen
- Schleswig-Holsteinisch: wriewen
- Westphalian:
- Bentheimisch, Dortmundisch, East Westphalian (Lippe), Westmünsterländisch: riewen
- Bentheimisch, Dortmundisch, Westmünsterländisch: friewen
- Sauerländisch: reywen, reyben (Brilon, Wenden), rǖben (Niedersfeld), rīen (Finnentrop, Attendorn, Kirchhundem, Olpe), ruiwen (Meschede)
- East Westphalian: rüiwen (Lippe), wruiben (Ravensberg), rieben (Wedemark)
- Westmünsterländisch: frieben
- Dutch Low Saxon:
- Middle Low German: wrîven, rîven
- Old Dutch: *wrīvan
- Old High German: rīban, *rīvan, *wrīvan
- → Old French: riper
References
[edit]- ^ “reiben” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯reip-, u̯rip-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1159
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ῥίπτω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1287-8