wriven

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *wrīvan, from Proto-Germanic *wrībaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwriːvən/

Verb

wriven

1. (transitive) to rub

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	wriven
3rd sg. past	wrêef
3rd pl. past	wrēven
Past participle	gewrēven
Infinitive	wriven
In genitive	wrivens
In dative	wrivene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	wrive	wrêef
2nd singular	wrijfs, wrives	wrēefs, wrēves
3rd singular	wrijft, wrivet	wrêef
1st plural	wriven	wrēven
2nd plural	wrijft, wrivet	wrēeft, wrēvet
3rd plural	wriven	wrēven
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	wrive	wrēve
2nd singular	wrijfs, wrives	wrēves
3rd singular	wrive	wrēve
1st plural	wriven	wrēven
2nd plural	wrijft, wrivet	wrēvet
3rd plural	wriven	wrēven
Imperative	Present
Singular	wrijf, wrive
Plural	wrijft, wrivet
	Present	Past
Participle	wrivende	gewrēven

Descendants

• Dutch: wrijven
  • Afrikaans: vryf, vrywe
• Limburgish: wrieve

Further reading

• “wriven (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “wriven”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN