Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bāla

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*bāla

1. young animal
2. child
3. wife's younger sister
4. younger relative

Declension

Declension of *bāla

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*bāla
Accusative	*bālag, *bālanï1)
Genitive	*bālanïŋ
Dative	*bālaka
Locative	*bālada
Ablative	*bāladan
Allative	*bālagaru
Instrumental 2)	*bālan
Equative 2)	*bālača
Similative 2)	*bālalayu
Comitative 2)	*bālalïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Derived terms

• *bāl-dïŕ
• *bāla-pan

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish::
    • Azerbaijani: bala
      • → Khalaj: bala
      • → Talysh: balə
    • Ottoman Turkish: بالا (bala)
      • Turkish: bala (dialectal)
  • Salar: bala
  • Turkmen: bala
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (bala)
    • Chagatai: بلا (bala)
      • Uzbek: bola
      • Uyghur: بالا (bala)
• Kipchak:
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: bala
    • Karachay-Balkar: бала (bala)
    • Kumyk: бала (bala)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: бала (bala)
    • Tatar: бала (bala)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: бала (bala)
      • Karakalpak бала (bala)/bala
      • Nogai бала (bala)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: бала (bala)
      • Southern Altai: бала (bala)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Western Yugur: mïla
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: пала (pala)
      • Shor: пала (pala)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bāla”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill