Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sijati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shine”), related to Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”), Proto-Germanic *skīmarōną (“to shimmer”). Both root thematic^[1] and secondary stative^[2] conjugation in *-jati are attested, with no difference in meaning.

Verb

*sijati impf^[3]^[4]

to shine, to illuminate
Synonyms: *světiti, *ozariti

Alternative forms

*sьjati

Inflection

Conjugation of *sijati, *sě, *sějetь (impf., intr., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sětьje	*sijati	*sijatъ	*sělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*sěvъ	*sěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sěxъ	*sě	*sě	*sějǫ	*sěješi	*sějetь
Dual	*sěxově	*sěsta	*sěste	*sějevě	*sějeta	*sějete
Plural	*sěxomъ	*sěste	*sěšę	*sějemъ	*sějete	*sějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sěaxъ	*sěaše	*sěaše	—	*sěji	*sěji
Dual	*sěaxově	*sěašeta	*sěašete	*sějivě	*sějita	—
Plural	*sěaxomъ	*sěašete	*sěaxǫ	*sějimъ	*sějite	—

Conjugation of *sijati, *sija, *sijajetь (impf., intr., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sijanьje	*sijati	*sijatъ	*sijalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*sijavъ	*sijaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sijaxъ	*sija	*sija	*sijajǫ	*sijaješi	*sijajetь
Dual	*sijaxově	*sijasta	*sijaste	*sijajevě	*sijajeta	*sijajete
Plural	*sijaxomъ	*sijaste	*sijašę	*sijajemъ	*sijajete	*sijajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sijaaxъ	*sijaaše	*sijaaše	—	*sijaji	*sijaji
Dual	*sijaaxově	*sijaašeta	*sijaašete	*sijajivě	*sijajita	—
Plural	*sijaaxomъ	*sijaašete	*sijaaxǫ	*sijajimъ	*sijajite	—

Derived terms

*sijajьnъ (“radiant, bright”)
*sinica (“tit”)
*siňь (“blue, glaucus”)
*sivъ (“gray, faint”) (possibly)
*sojь (“shady”) (possibly)
- *osojь (“shady place”)
- *soja, *sojьka (“jay”)

Related terms

*sěvati (“to irradiate”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сиꙗти (sijati)
  - Belarusian: ззяць (zzjacʹ)
  - Russian: сия́ть (sijátʹ)
  - Ukrainian: ся́яти (sjájaty), ся́ти (sjáty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: сиꙗти (sijati)
  
  Glagolitic script: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: сия́я (sijája), осе́я (oséja)
- Macedonian: сјае (sjae)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: сѝјати, сја̏ти
  
  Latin script: sìjati, sjȁti
- Slovene: sijáti
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: sëjac (“illuminate”)

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьjati: sějǫ sějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 205, 246)”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьjati: sьjajǫ sьjajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a ?så (PR 134)”
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sijati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 450: “v. 'shine'”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “sijáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sьja̋ti”

[1] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьjati: sějǫ sějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 205, 246)”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьjati: sьjajǫ sьjajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a ?så (PR 134)”

[3] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sijati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 450: “v. 'shine'”

[4] Snoj, Marko (2016) “sijáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sьja̋ti”

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