Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/světiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śwaitī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-. Morphologically from Proto-Slavic *světъ (“world”) + *-iti. Cognate with Lithuanian švaitýti (according to Snoj: both are of secondary origin).

Verb

*světìti impf (perfective *světnǫti)

1. to illuminate, to shine

Inflection

Conjugation of *světiti, *světi, *světitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*svěťenьje	*světiti	*světitъ	*světilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*svěťenъ	*světimъ
Active	*svěťь	*světę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*světixъ	*světi	*světi	*svěťǫ	*světiši	*světitь
Dual	*světixově	*světista	*světiste	*světivě	*světita	*světite
Plural	*světixomъ	*světiste	*světišę	*světimъ	*světite	*světętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*svěťaaxъ	*svěťaaše	*svěťaaše	—	*světi	*světi
Dual	*svěťaaxově	*svěťaašeta	*svěťaašete	*světivě	*světita	—
Plural	*svěťaaxomъ	*svěťaašete	*svěťaaxǫ	*světimъ	*světite	—

Notes:
• (*)*světivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *svьtěti (“to lighten”)
• *svьnǫti (“to get bright, to dawn”)
• *svitati (“to dawn”)
• *svěťa (“candle”)
• *světьlъ (“bright”)
  • *světьlina (“light, glow”)
• *svidъ (“dogwood”) (possibly)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: свѣтити (světiti)
    • Belarusian: свеці́ць (svjecícʹ)
    • Russian: свети́ть (svetítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: світи́ти (svitýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: свѣтити (světiti)

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⱑⱅⰹⱅⰹ (světiti)

  • Bulgarian: све́тя (svétja), dial. светя́ (svetjá)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: светкам (svetkam), светвам (svetvam)
  • Macedonian: свети (sveti)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: свије́тити, све́тити

    Latin script: svijétiti, svétiti

  • Slovene: svetīti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: svietiti
    • Czech: svítit
  • Polish: świecić
  • Slovak: svietiť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: swěćyć
    • Lower Sorbian: swěśyś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “свет”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “светя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 544