Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mesti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *met-. Per Derksen, possibly related to Latin metō (“to mow, to harvest”), Welsh medi (“to reap”), although many sources indicate no cognates outside of Balto-Slavic.^[1] According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”).^[2]

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mèsti (“to throw”) (1sg. metù, 3sg. mẽta), Latvian mest (“to throw”) (3sg. mȩt), Old Prussian pomests (“submissive”, perf. pass. part.), pomettīwingi (“obedient”, masc. nom. pl.). Also cognate with Lithuanian métyti (“to throw”) (1sg. métau), Latvian mẽtât.

Verb

*mestì impf^[3]^[4]

to throw
to sweep

Inflection

Conjugation of *mesti, *mete, *metetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*metenьje	*mesti	*mestъ	*metlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*metenъ	*metomъ
Active	*metъ	*mety

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*met(ox)ъ	*mete	*mete	*metǫ	*meteši	*metetь
Dual	*met(ox)ově	*met(e/os)ta	*met(e/os)te	*metevě	*meteta	*metete
Plural	*met(ox)omъ	*met(e/os)te	metǫ, metošę	*metemъ	*metete	*metǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*metěaxъ	*metěaše	*metěaše	—	*meti	*meti
Dual	*metěaxově	*metěašeta	*metěašete	*metěvě	*metěta	—
Plural	*metěaxomъ	*metěašete	*metěaxǫ	*metěmъ	*metěte	—

Related terms

*metàti (“to throw”)
*mětati (“to sweep”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мести (mesti)
  - Belarusian: ме́сці (mjésci)
  - Russian: мести́ (mestí)
  - Ukrainian: мести́ (mestý)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: мести (mesti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: мета́ (metá)
- Macedonian: мете (mete)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: мѐсти
  
  Latin script: mèsti
- Slovene: mésti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mésti
  - Czech: mést
- Kashubian: miesc
- Old Polish: mieść
  - Polish: mieść (archaic)
- Slovak: miesť (archaic)
- Slovincian: mjêsc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mjesć
  - Lower Sorbian: mjasć

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “mesti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 313-4
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “703-04”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 703-04
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mestì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308: “v. (c) ‘throw, sweep’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “mesti: metǫ metetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c feje (PR 139)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “mesti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 313-4

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “703-04”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 703-04

[3] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mestì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308: “v. (c) ‘throw, sweep’”

[4] Olander, Thomas (2001) “mesti: metǫ metetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c feje (PR 139)”

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