Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/godina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *godъ +‎ *-ina.

Noun

*godina f

1. hour
2. time

Declension

Declension of *godina (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*godina	*godině	*godiny
genitive	*godiny	*godinu	*godinъ
dative	*godině	*godinama	*godinamъ
accusative	*godinǫ	*godině	*godiny
instrumental	*godinojǫ, *godinǫ**	*godinama	*godinami
locative	*godině	*godinu	*godinasъ, *godinaxъ*
vocative	*godino	*godině	*godiny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: гадзі́на (hadzína)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: годи́на (hodýna)
  • Ukrainian: годи́на (hodýna)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: година (godina)
    • Russian: година (godina)
  • Bulgarian: година (godina)
  • Macedonian: година (godina)
  • Serbo-Croatian: godina
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: gòdzëna
  • Old Czech: hodina
    • Czech: hodina
      • → Upper Sorbian: hodźina
        • → Lower Sorbian: góźina
  • Old Polish: godzina
    • Polish: godzina
    • Silesian: godzina
  • Old Slovak: hodina
    • Pannonian Rusyn: годзина (hodzina)
    • Slovak: hodina

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*godina”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172