Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *bьrakъ (ЭССЯ), *brakъ (Trautmann)

Etymology

From *bьrati (“to take”) +‎ *-kъ.

Noun

*bȏrkъ m

1. marriage

Inflection

Declension of *bȏrkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bȏrkъ	*bȏrka	*bȏrci
genitive	*bȏrka	*borkù	*bõrkъ
dative	*bȏrku	*borkomà	*borkòmъ
accusative	*bȏrkъ	*bȏrka	*bȏrky
instrumental	*bȏrkъmь, *bȏrkomь*	*borkomà	*borký
locative	*bȏrcě	*borkù	*borcě̃xъ
vocative	*borče	*bȏrka	*bȏrci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

See also

Proto-Slavic family terms

*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	*otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana	*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	*strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling	*ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	*svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

Derived terms

• *borčьnъ (“matrimonial”)
• *borkosъčetanьje (“marriage ritual”)

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: бракъ (brakŭ)
    • → Russian: брак (brak)
  • Bulgarian: брак (brak)
  • Macedonian: брак (brak)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бра̑к

    Latin script: brȃk

  • Slovene: brákovica

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “брак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “брак”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 107
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bьrakъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 160
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “брак¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 73