Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jьjь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-yōs.

Suffix

*-jьjь

1. Forms comparative forms

   ‎*bol- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*boľьjь

   ‎*dьl- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*dьľьjь

   ‎*gor- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*gořьjь

   ‎*luk- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*lučьjь

   ‎*mьn- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*mьňьjь

   ‎*nizъ + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*nižьjь

   ‎*sold- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*solďьjь

   ‎*tęz- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*tęžьjь

   ‎*un- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*uňьjь

   ‎*vysь + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*vyšьjь

   ‎*vęt- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*vęťьjь

   ‎*čęstъ + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*čęsťьjь

   ‎*čistъ (“clean”) + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*čisťьjь (“cleaner”)

   ‎*lixъ (“superfluous”) + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*lišьjь (“more superfluous”)

Declension

Indefinite declension of *-jьjь (comparative)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьjь	*-ьši	*-e
genitive	*-ьša	*-ьšę̇	*-ьša
dative	*-ьšu	*-ьši	*-ьšu
accusative	*-ьšь	*-ьšǫ	*-e
instrumental	*-ьšemь	*-ьšejǫ	*-ьšemь
locative	*-ьši	*-ьši	*-ьši
vocative	*-ьšu	*-ьše	*-ьše
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьša	*-ьši	*-ьši
genitive	*-ьšu	*-ьšu	*-ьšu
dative	*-ьšema	*-ьšama	*-ьšema
accusative	*-ьša	*-ьši	*-ьši
instrumental	*-ьšema	*-ьšama	*-ьšema
locative	*-ьšu	*-ьšu	*-ьšu
vocative	*-ьša	*-ьši	*-ьši
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьše	*-ьšę̇	*-ьša
genitive	*-ьšь	*-ьšь	*-ьšь
dative	*-ьšemъ	*-ьšamъ	*-ьšemъ
accusative	*-ьšę̇	*-ьšę̇	*-ьša
instrumental	*-ьši	*-ьšami	*-ьši
locative	*-ьšixъ	*-ьšaxъ	*-ьšixъ
vocative	*-ьši	*-ьšę̇	*-ьša

Definite declension of *-jьjь (comparative)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьjь	*-ьšija	*-ьšeje
genitive	*-ьšajego	*-ьšę̇ję̇	*-ьšajego
dative	*-ьšujemu	*-ьšiji	*-ьšujemu
accusative	*-ьšьjь	*-ьšǫjǫ	*-ьšeje
instrumental	*-ьšijimь	*-ьšǫjǫ	*-ьšijimь
locative	*-ьšijemь	*-ьšiji	*-ьšijemь
vocative	*-ьšьjь	*-ьšaja	*-ьšeje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьšaja	*-ьšiji	*-ьšiji
genitive	*-ьšuju	*-ьšuju	*-ьšuju
dative	*-ьšijima	*-ьšijima	*-ьšijima
accusative	*-ьšaja	*-ьšiji	*-ьšiji
instrumental	*-ьšijima	*-ьšijima	*-ьšijima
locative	*-ьšuju	*-ьšuju	*-ьšuju
vocative	*-ьšaja	*-ьšiji	*-ьšiji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*-ьšeji	*-ьšę̇ję̇	*-ьšaja
genitive	*-ьšьjixъ	*-ьšьjixъ	*-ьšьjixъ
dative	*-ьšijimъ	*-ьšijimъ	*-ьšijimъ
accusative	*-ьšę̇ję̇	*-ьšę̇ję̇	*-ьšaja
instrumental	*-ьšijimi	*-ьšijimi	*-ьšijimi
locative	*-ьšijixъ	*-ьšijixъ	*-ьšijixъ
vocative	*-ьšiji	*-ьšę̇ję̇	*-ьšaja

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic comparative adjectives

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -ии (-ii)
    • ⇒ Old Ruthenian: -ьшїй (-ʹšij), -шїй (-šij)
      • Belarusian: -ьшы (-ʹšy), -шы (-šy)
      • Ukrainian: -ьший (-ʹšyj)
    • ⇒ Russian: -ьший (-ʹšij), -ший (-šij)
  • Old Novgorodian: -ии (-ii)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: -ⰻⰻ (-ii)

    Old Cyrillic script: -ии (-ii)

  • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: -е (-e)
    • → Russian: -ее (-eje)
  • Bulgarian: -ш (-š)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -ји

    Latin script: -ji

  • Slovene: -ji, -ši
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: -ší, -e
  • Polish: -szy, -ej
  • Slovak: -ší, -šie
  • Kashubian: -szi
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: -iši, -išo
    • Lower Sorbian: -šy, -ej