Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ǫgľь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀglis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥ (“charcoal”). The PIE noun, a consonant-stem (whence later i-stem and o-stem derivations in the daughters), was likely a derivative of *h₁n̥gʷnis (“fire”), whence also Proto-Slavic *ogňь.

Noun

*ǫ̀glь m

1. coal

Inflection

Declension of *ǫ̀glь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǫ̀glь	*ǫ̀gli	*ǫ̀glьjē, *ǫ̀gľē*
genitive	*ǫ̀glī	*ǫ̀glьju, *ǫ̀gľu*	*ǫ̀glьjь, *ǫ̀glī*
dative	*ǫ̀gli	*ǫ̀glьma	*ǫ̀glьmъ
accusative	*ǫ̀glь	*ǫ̀gli	*ǫ̀gli
instrumental	*ǫ̀glьmь	*ǫ̀glьma	*ǫ̀glьmī
locative	*ǫ̀glī	*ǫ̀glьju, *ǫ̀gľu*	*ǫ̀glьxъ
vocative	*ǫgli	*ǫ̀gli	*ǫ̀glьjē, *ǫ̀gľē*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: ву́галь (vúhalʹ)
  • Russian: у́голь (úgolʹ), угль (uglʹ)
  • Ukrainian: ву́гіль (vúhilʹ), вугі́лля (vuhíllja)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ѫгль (ǫglĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱘⰳⰾⱐ (ǫglĭ)

  • Bulgarian: въ́глен (vǎ́glen), въ́нгил (vǎ́ngil), въ́нглин (vǎ́nglin), въ́гъл (vǎ́gǎl) (dated), я́глен (jáglen) (dialectal), у́глен (úglen) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: јаглен (jaglen)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: у̏гаљ, у̏гље̄н

    Latin script: ȕgalj, ȕgljēn

  • Slovene: ọ̄gəł (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: wãdżel
  • Czech: uhel, uhlí
  • Old Polish: węgiel, (alternative reading) wągiel, wągl
    • Polish: węgiel
    • Silesian: wōngel, wōngiel, wůngel (Steuers Silesian alphabet)
  • Old Slovak: uheľ, uhle, uhlia, uhlie, uhlí, uhoľ
    • Pannonian Rusyn: угель (uhelʹ), углє (uhlje)
    • Slovak: uhlie
  • Polabian: vǫďėl
  • Sorbian:

    Upper Sorbian: wuhlo

    Lower Sorbian: wugel

Further reading

• Zhuravlyov, A. F., Varbot, Zh. Zh., editors (2016), “*ǫgľь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 40 (*ǫborъkъ – *pakъla), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 24
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 104
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “у́голь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress