Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/wahiʀ

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /wahiʀ/, /wahir/

Noun

*wahiʀ

water (clear liquid H₂O)
Synonym: *danum

Descendants

Proto-Philippine: *wahiʀ
- Greater Central Philippine
  - Central Philippine
    - Bisayan
      - Cebuano: wahíg
  - Danao
    - Iranun: aig
    - Maguindanao: ig
    - Maranao: ig
  - Manobo
    - Central Manobo
      - East Central Manobo
        Agusan Manobo: wo'hig
        Dibabawon Manobo: 'wɨhig
      - South Central Manobo
        Ata Manobo: woig
        Matigsalug Manobo: wɨig (Tigwa)
      - West Central Manobo
        Ilianen Manobo: wayig
        Western Bukidnon Manobo: wahig
    - Northern Central Manobo
      - Binukid: 'wahig
      - Kagayanen: wáig
    - Southern Manobo
      - Cotabato Manobo: wayɨg
      - Sarangani Manobo: wayʌg
- Northern Luzon
  - Ilocano: waig
  - Meso-Cordilleran
    - Central Bontoc: wail
- South Mindanao
  - Tboli–Blaan
    - Koronadal Blaan: 'e'el
    - Sarangani Blaan: ye'el
    - Tboli: 'el
  - Tiruray: wayeg
North Borneo
- Northeast Sabah
  - Bonggi: beig
- Southwest Sabah
  - Greater Dusunic
    - Central Dusun: waig
    - Coastal Kadazan: vaig
    - Rungus: vaig
Moklenic
- Moken: wiːn
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Batak
  - Angkola Batak: aek
  - Mandailing Batak: aek
  - Toba Batak: ᯀᯀᯩᯂ᯲ (aek)
- Gayo: wih
- Nias: w̃e
- Simeulue: oil
Lampungic
- Abung: way
- Komering: way
- Lampung Api: way
Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan: *wair
- Madurese: aèng
- Proto-Malayo-Chamic: *air
  - Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa
    - Balinese: yeh
    - Sasak-Sumbawa
      - Sasak: aiq
      - Sumbawa: ai
  - Proto-Chamic: *ʔiar
    - Acehnese: ie
    - Coastal Chamic:
      - Cham:
        Eastern Cham: ꨀꨳꨩ (aia)
        Western Cham: ايا (aia)
    - Highlands Chamic:
      - Chru-Northern Chamic:
        Chru: ia
        Northern Chamic:
        Northern Roglai: ia
        Tsat: ʔia³³
      - Jarai: ia
      - Rade: êa
  - Proto-Malayic: *air
    - Ibanic
      - Iban: ai
      - Mualang: aik
    - Malayan
      - Brunei Malay: aing
      - Kedah Malay: ayaq
      - Malay: air
        Indonesian: air
    - Urak Lawoi': อาเย (ayë)
- Sundanese: ᮎᮄ (cai)
Old Javanese: air, er, her, wway, wwe
Proto-South Sulawesi: *wai
- Buginese: waé
- Mandar: wai
- Tae': wai
Celebic
- Southeast Celebic
  - Kaili-Pamona
    - Bare'e: we
  - Muna-Buton
    - Cia-Cia: 에에 (e'e)
  - Saluan-Banggai
    - Balantak: weer
Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *waiʀ
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Central Maluku
    - Bobot: way
    - Masiwang: wai
  - Flores–Lembata
    - Lamaholot: wai
  - Kei–Tanimbar
    - North Bomberai
      - Onin: were
      - Uruangnirin: were
  - Sumba–Flores
    - Ende–Manggarai
      - Ende: ae
      - Palu'e: vae
      - Manggarai: waé
    - Sumba
      - Kambera: wai
      - Sabu: ei
  - Timor–Babar
    - Nauete: wai
    - Timoric
      - Tukudede: ee
      - Tetum: bee
    - Waima'a: wai
- Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *waiʀ
  - Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih: *waiʀ
    - Biak: war
    - Irarutu: were
    - Dusner: war
  - Proto-Oceanic: *waiʀ
    - Admiralty Islands
      - Baluan-Pam: wei
      - Lou: wei
    - Southeast Solomonic
      - 'Are'are: wai
      - Arosi: wai
    - North–Central Vanuatu
      - Araki: ai
      - Big Nambas: ui
      - Raga: wai
      - Tangoa: wai
    - Temotu
      - Teanu: ero
      - Lovono: wire
    - New Caledonian
      - Haeke: we
      - Northern New Caledonian
        Extreme Northern New Caledonian
        Nyelâyu: we
        Yuanga: we
        Haveke: we
        North Northern New Caledonian
        Fwâi: we
        Hmwaveke: we
        Jawe: we
        Nemi: we
        Pije: we
    - Central Pacific
      - Fijian: wai
      - Proto-Polynesian: *wai (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

Noun

Descendants

Further reading