Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/qahəlu

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qaSəlu.

Alternative forms

*laqəlu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔahəlu/, /qahəlu/

Noun

*qahəlu

pestle (instrument used with a mortar to grind things)

Descendants

Philippine
- Batanic
  - Yami: ao
  - Ivatan: ahu
  - Ibatan: aho
- Northern Luzon
  - Ilocano: aló
  - Cagayan Valley
    - Ibanag: alu
    - Itawit: állu
    - Isnag: alló
  - Meso-Cordilleran
    - Pangasinan: álo
    - Kalinga
      - Limos Kalinga: allú
    - Bontoc
      - Central Bontoc: ʔalʔú
    - Kankanaey
      - Kankanaey: al-ó
      - Northern Kankanay: al-o, ao
    - Ifugao
      - Tuwali Ifugao: al-u
      - Mayoyao Ifugao: al-ú
  - Northeastern Luzon
    - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: álo
- Central Luzon
  - Kapampangan: álo
  - Sambali
    - Bolinao: a'lo
- Greater Central Philippine
  - Central Philippine
    - Tagalog: halo
    - Bikol
      - Bikol Central: hàlo
    - Mansakan
      - Mansaka: aro
      - Tagakaulu Kalagan: alu
    - Visayan
      - Asi: ayho
      - Cebuano: alho
      - Aklanon: háe-o
      - Hiligaynon: hál-o
      - Tausug: hallu
  - Manobo
    - Agusan Manobo: 'aehu
    - Obo Manobo: 'allu'
    - Tagabawa: allu
  - Subanen
    - Central Subanen: elu
  - South Mangyan
    - Hanunoo: hálʔu
  - Gorontalo–Mongondow
    - Mongondow: alu
- Kalamian
  - Agutaynen: kalo
  - Calamian Tagbanwa: kalu
- South Mindanao
  - Tiruray: ʔelew
Sama–Bajaw
- Inabaknon: allo
- Central Sama: hallu
- Yakan: hellu
Barito
- East Barito
  - Dusun Witu: alu
  - Ma'anyan: alu
  - Malagasy: akalo
- West Barito
  - Ngaju: halu
North Bornean
- Northeast Sabahan
  - Bonggi: golu
  - Ida'an: gellu
- Southwest Sabahan
  - Dusunic
    - Rungus: goholu
    - Tobilung: to'olu
- North Sarawakan
  - Bakung: lu
  - Dayic
    - Kelabit: aluh
    - Lun Bawang: aluh
- Central Sarawakan
  - Punan
    - Punan Bah-Biau: luow
    - Punan Tubu: aluʔ
Kayanic
- Kayan–Murik
  - Kayan
    - Bahau: aloːʔ
    - Rejang Kayan: aluʔ
  - Murik–Merap
    - Murik (Malaysia): lu
    - Punan Merap: lawʔ
- Segai–Modang
  - Segai: alaw
  - Modang: əlaɵ̯
Land Dayak
- Benyadu–Bekatiʼ
  - Bekati': aɣu
  - Rara Bakati': aru'
- Bidayuh
  - Bau Bidayuh: aluh
  - Biatah Bidayuh: aruh
- Southern Land Dayak
  - Jangkang: aɣuh
  - Ribun: alu
  - Sanggau: alú
Moken-Moklen
- Moken: kaʔɔy
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Batak
  - Toba Batak: andalu
- Nias: halu
- Simeulue: alaw
Malayo-Sumbawan
- Malayo-Chamic
  - Chamic: *halɔw
    - Acehnese: alèe
    - Coastal Chamic
      - Haroi: həlâo
      - Cham
        Eastern Cham: ꨨꨵꨭꨥ (hluw)
        
        Western Cham: hlau
    - Highlands Chamic
      - Chru–Northern Chamic
        Chru: hələu
        
        Northern Chamic
        Northern Roglai: haləu
        
        Tsat: law³³
      - Jarai–Rade
        Jarai: hlâo
        
        Rade: hlâo
  - Malayic: *halu
    - Ibanic
      - Iban: alu
      - Mualang: alu
      - Seberuang: alow
    - Malayan
      - Malay: alu
        Indonesian: alu
      - Minangkabau: alu
    - Urak Lawoi': ฮาลู (halu)
- Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
  - Sasak: alu
- Sundanese: ᮠᮜᮥ (halu)
Lampungic: *həlu
- Abung: leu
- Komering: holu
- Lampung Api: helu
Old Javanese: halu
- Javanese: ꦲꦭꦸ (alu)
South Sulawesi
- Buginese: alu, alu-alu
- Makasar: alu
- Tae': alu
- Duri: pealu
Celebic
- Tomini–Tolitoli
  - Tajio: ialu
Central Malayo-Polynesian
- Central Maluku
  - Asilulu: alu
  - Buru (Indonesia): alu
  - Tugun: alu
- Bima: aru
- Sumba–Flores
  - Sumba–Hawu
    - Sabu: aru
    - Kambera: alu
    - Laboya: alu
  - Western Flores
    - Manggarai–Rembong
      - Komodo: alu
      - Manggarai: alu
      - Rembong: alu
    - Central Flores
      - Ngadha: alu
      - Li'o: alu
- Flores–Lembata
  - Sika: ʔalu
- Timoric
  - Tetum: alu
  - Kisar: alu
Palauan: chái

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *qaSelu.