Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/xšwáš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Proto-Iranian cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *xšwáš

Alternative reconstructions

• *šwáš

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *šwáćš, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. *x- was added to "regularize" the irregular retraction of Proto-Indo-European *s-.

Numeral

*xšwáš

1. six

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬑𐬴𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬱 (xṣ̌uuaš)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Ossetian:

      Ossetian: ӕхсӕз (æxsæz)

    • Khotanese: [script needed] (kṣäṣa̮)
    • Wakhi: (/⁠šād⁠/)

      Arabic script: شاد

      Cyrillic script: шад (šad)

  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Khwarezmian: اخّ (ʾẍ /⁠*axx⁠/), اخس (ʾxs /⁠*uxs ~ *axs⁠/)
    • Proto-Sogdic:
      • Sogdian: (/⁠(u)xušu ~ (ə)xušu⁠/)

        Sogdian script: [script needed] (wγwšw), [script needed] (ʾγwšw)

        Syriac script: ݎܘܫܘ (xwšw), ܘݎܘܫܘ (wxwšw), ܐݎܘܫܘ (ʾxwšw)

      • Yagnobi: ухш (uxš)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri-Parachi:
    • Ormuri: ݭو (śū)
    • Parachi: خی (xī)
  • Pashto: شپږ (špaǵ)
  • Yidgha: اخشو (uxšo)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: شش (šaš)
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: شەش (şeş /⁠šaš⁠/)

    Northern Kurdish: şeş (/⁠šaš⁠/)

    Southern Kurdish: شەش (şeş /⁠šaš⁠/)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: شیش (šiš)
      • Mazanderani: شش (šaš ~ šiš)
    • Old Median:
      • Talysh: (/⁠šaš⁠/)

        Arabic script: شش

        Latin script: şəş

    • Parthian: (/⁠šuh ~ šoh⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫇𐫆 (šwẖ)

      • → Manichaean Middle Persian: 𐫢𐫇𐫆 (šwẖ /⁠šoh⁠/)
    • Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: شش (şiş /⁠šiš⁠/)
      • Zazaki: şeş (/⁠šaš⁠/)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *xšvaš
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠šaš⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫢 (šš)

      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭲𐭠 (ŠTA)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (šš), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠTA)

      Pazend script: 𐬱𐬀𐬱 (šaš)

      • Classical Persian: شش (šaš)

        Dari: شش (šaš)

        Iranian Persian: شش (šeš)

        Tajik: шаш (šaš)