Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/udrós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

*udrós, *udréh₂

Etymology

From *wed- (“water”) +‎ *-rós (Caland system suffix).

Adjective

*udrós

1. of water, aquatic
2. otter

Inflection

Thematic
	masculine	feminine
nominative	*udrós	*udréh₂
genitive	*udrósyo	*udréh₂s
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*udrós	*udróh₁	*udróes
vocative	*udré	*udróh₁	*udróes
accusative	*udróm	*udróh₁	*udróms
genitive	*udrósyo	*?	*udróHom
ablative	*udréad	*?	*udrómos, *udróbʰos
dative	*udróey	*?	*udrómos, *udróbʰos
locative	*udréy, *udróy	*?	*udróysu
instrumental	*udróh₁	*?	*udrṓys
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*udréh₂	*udréh₂h₁(e)	*udréh₂es
vocative	*udréh₂	*udréh₂h₁(e)	*udréh₂es
accusative	*udrā́m	*udréh₂h₁(e)	*udréh₂m̥s
genitive	*udréh₂s	*?	*udréh₂oHom
ablative	*udréh₂s	*?	*udréh₂mos, *udréh₂bʰos
dative	*udréh₂ey	*?	*udréh₂mos, *udréh₂bʰos
locative	*udréh₂, *udréh₂i	*?	*udréh₂su
instrumental	*udréh₂h₁	*?	*udréh₂mis, *udréh₂bʰis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*udróm	*udróy(h₁)	*udréh₂
vocative	*udróm	*udróy(h₁)	*udréh₂
accusative	*udróm	*udróy(h₁)	*udréh₂
genitive	*udrósyo	*?	*udróHom
ablative	*udréad	*?	*udrómos, *udróbʰos
dative	*udróey	*?	*udrómos, *udróbʰos
locative	*udréy, *udróy	*?	*udróysu
instrumental	*udróh₁	*?	*udrṓys

Derived terms

• *údr-eh₂ (“otter”)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ū́ˀdrāˀ (*ū from Winter’s Law, see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *udrā
    • ⇒ Latin: lutra (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *údrā
    • Ancient Greek: ὕδρα (húdra, “sea snake”) (see there for further descendants)
• *údr-o-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ū́ˀdras (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *utraz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *údros
    • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀄𐀈𐀫 (u-do-ro)
    • Ancient Greek: ὕδρος (húdros, “sea snake, water animal”)
• *udr-ó-s (“otter”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *udrás (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

• Proto-Celtic: *udros (“dun, greyish-brown”)
  • Old Irish: odur (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Albanian: *hĭwĭd-lʉh
  • Albanian: hyll (“god”)
• Illyrian: *hud-lo
  • Illyrian: *hullur
    • Ancient Greek: Ἰλλυρία (Illuría)