Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tata-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*tótos

Etymology

Of imitative origin, echoing baby talk.^[1]

Noun

*tata- m

dad, father
Synonyms: *átta, *ph₂tḗr

Descendants

Proto-Albanian: *tatā
- Albanian: tatë (“father, dad”)^[2]
Proto-Anatolian:^[3]^[4]
- Luwian:
  Anatolian hieroglyphic script: [Anatolian hieroglyphic needed] (tá-ti-sa /⁠tátisa⁠/, “father”, nom. sg.)
  
  Cuneiform script: 𒋫𒀀𒋾𒅖 (ta-a-ti-iš /⁠tātiš⁠/, “father”, nom. sg.)
- Lycian: 𐊗𐊁𐊅𐊆 (tedi, “father”, nom. sg.)
- Lydian: 𐤯𐤠𐤠𐤣𐤠𐤮 (taadaś, “father”, nom. sg.)
Proto-Armenian: *tat(a) (“grandmother; midwife; father”)^[5]
- Armenian: տատ (tat), տատի (tati), տատա (tata)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tata-
- Proto-Baltic: *tet-ia-, *tẽt-iã- (e-vocalism)
  - East Baltic:
    - Latgalian: tēte (“dad, daddy”)
    - Latvian: tētis, tēte (“father, dad”)
    - Lithuanian: tė̃tis (“father”), tė̃tė (“dad”), tėtýtis; tẽtē (“father”) (East dialectal)
    - Samogitian: tìtis; táitis (“father”) (dialectal)
  - West Baltic:
    - Old Prussian: thetis (“grandfather”)
- Proto-Slavic: *tata (“dad, daddy”)^[6] (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *tato- (“father”)^[7]
- Proto-Brythonic: *tad (see there for further descendants)
- Old Irish: data (“foster father”)
Proto-Germanic:
- Proto-West Germanic:
  - Bavarian: tatte (“father, dad”)
  - German: Tate
  - Middle Dutch: teyte
  - Old Frisian: *tata
    - North Frisian: tääte (“father”)
- >? Old Norse: táta
  - Icelandic: táta f
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: tåte, tåta f
Proto-Hellenic: *tata
- Ancient Greek: τατᾶ (tatâ, “daddy”); τέττα (tétta, e-vocalism)^[8]
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tatás, *tātás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tatás, *tātás
  - Vedic Sanskrit: तत (tatá)
    - Sanskrit: तात (tātá) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian: *tatáh, *tātáh
  - Central Iranian:
    - Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬁 (tā, “father”)
  - Northeastern Iranian:
    - Wakhi: طاط (tat, “father”)
    - Yagnobi: dodo (“father”)
  - Southeastern Iranian:
    - Pashto: دادا (dādā)
    - Ishkashimi: tot ~ tāt (“father”)
    - Sanglechi: tā̊t ~ tā̊ (“father”)
    - Shughni: тат (tat, “father”)
      - Roshani: таат (taat, “father”); татек (tatēk, “grandfather”)
  - Western Iranian:
    - Northwestern Iranian:
      - Baluchi: دادا (dada, “grandfather”)
      - Proto-Medo-Parthian: *dada
        Eshtehardi: دادا (dādā, “father”)
        
        Talysh: dada (“father”)
        
        Zazaki: ded (“father's brother”), dedo (voc.)
    - Southwestern Iranian:
      - Northern Luri: تاته (uncle, “tāta”)
- Proto-Nuristani: *tā́ta, *tā́tta
  - Northern Nuristani:
    - Kamkata-viri:
      Kamviri: tót
      
      Kativiri: tó
    - Prasuni: yá, yé
  - Southern Nuristani:
    - Waigali: tati, tatë, tëtë
Proto-Italic: *tata
- Latin: tata (“dad, daddy”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “tato”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372-73
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tatë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 450
^ Puhvel, Jaan (1984) “*atta-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 1), volume 1, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton, pages 224–226
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “atta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 225–226
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “*tat(a)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 603
^ Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тя́тя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 278
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372–373
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τατᾶ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1455

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “tato”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372-73

[2] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tatë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 450

[3] Puhvel, Jaan (1984) “*atta-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 1), volume 1, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton, pages 224–226

[4] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “atta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 225–226

[5] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “*tat(a)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 603

[6] Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тя́тя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 278

[7] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372–373

[8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τατᾶ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1455

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