Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péth₂r̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *peth₂- (“to fly”) +‎ *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix).

Noun

*péth₂r̥ n (oblique stem *pth₂én-)

1. wing
2. feather

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*péth₂r̥	*péth₂ōr
genitive	*pth₂éns	*pth₂nés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*péth₂r̥	—	—	*péth₂ōr
vocative	*péth₂r̥	—	—	*péth₂ōr
accusative	*péth₂r̥	—	—	*péth₂ōr
genitive	*pth₂éns	—	—	*pth₂nés
ablative	*pth₂éns	—	—	*pth₂nés
dative	*pth₂éney	—	—	*pth₂néy
locative	*pth₂én, *pth₂éni	—	—	*pth₂én, *pth₂éni
instrumental	*pth₂énh₁	—	—	*pth₂néh₁

Alternative reconstructions

• *pétr̥

Derived terms

• *péth₂n-eh₂
  • Proto-Italic: *petnā
    • Latin: penna (see there for further descendants)
• *péth₂n-o-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸetnos (see there for further descendants)
• *péth₂r-eh₂
  • Proto-Germanic: *feþrō (see there for further descendants)
• *péth₂r-ó-m
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pera
    • >? Proto-Slavic: *pero (“feather”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *pterón (< *pter-ó-m)
    • Ancient Greek: πτερόν (pterón)
      • Ancient Greek: πτερόω (pteróō), πτερωτός (pterōtós)

Descendants

• Proto-Anatolian:
  • Hittite: 𒁁𒋻 n (pát-tar /⁠pattar⁠/, “wing”), 𒁁𒁕𒈾𒀸 (pád-da-na-aš /⁠pattanaš⁠/, gen.sg.)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: թեր (tʻer, “*wing, *feather; *leaf; side”), թերթ (tʻertʻ, “leaf”), թիթեռն (tʻitʻeṙn, “butterfly”) < *pter-
    • Armenian: թեր (tʻer, “leaf”)
  • Old Armenian: թիռ- (tʻiṙ-, “to fly”) < *ptēr-
  • Old Armenian: փետուր (pʻetur, “feather”) (possibly; or a borrowing from other descendants)
• Proto-Celtic: *ɸatar
  • Proto-Brythonic: *adar
    • Welsh: adar

Unsorted formations

• Proto-Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ὑπο-πετρίδιος (hupo-petrídios, “winged”)
  • Ancient Greek: πτέρυξ (ptérux) (possibly)

Further reading

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πτερόν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1248
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 286–294