Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

Possibly related to *h₁em- (“to take, to distribute”).

Root

*nem-^[1]^[2]

to distribute
to give, to take

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *nem- (25 c, 0 e)

*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei
  - Latvian: ņemt (“take”)
- Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *némō
  - Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)
*nom-éh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́
  - Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)
*ném-es-o-s
- Proto-Italic: *nomezos
  - Latin: numerus (see there for further descendants)
*nem-es-eh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā
  - Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)
*nóm-o-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *nómos
  - Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)
*nom-ó-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *nomós
  - Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas
    - Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)
*ném-tis ~ *nm̥-téys
- Proto-Germanic: *numþiz (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian: *namā
    - Albanian: nëmë
  - Proto-Albanian: *nemska
    - Albanian: njeh
- Proto-Celtic: *neman (< *nem-mn̥ with degemination}}
  - Old Irish: neim (“poison”)
    - Irish: nimh
    - Manx: nieu
    - Scottish Gaelic: nimh
- Proto-Celtic: *nemetom (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Celtic: *nantos (<^? *nm̥-tos) (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)

Etymology 2

From Etymology 1, with semantic shift "to distribute" > "to worship, sacrifice" > "to bend".^[1]

Root

*nem-^[3]^[4]

to bend

Derived terms

*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”) (see there for further descendants)
*ném-os ~ *ném-es-os (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “763”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 763
^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 273
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “764”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 764

[devaan-1] 1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “763”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 763

[3] Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 273

[4] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “764”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 764

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