Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrebh₂-
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Root
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Reconstruction notes
[edit]Rix reconstructs *gʰrebh₂- (“seize”) and tentatively *gʰrebʰ- (“dig”). Pokorny reconstructs *gʰrebʰ-, *gʰerbʰ- for both meanings. Derksen derives *grabiti from *gʰreb- rather than *gʰrebʰ- due to Winter's law, which is required to produce the acute *-a- of the Slavic root but would not operate in *gʰrebʰ-. In descendant families, there is contamination between the two meanings.
Derived terms
[edit]- *gʰrébh₂-t ~ *gʰr̥bh₂-ént (athematic root aorist)
- *gʰr̥b-né-h₂-ti (nasal-infix present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gr̥bʰnáHti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gr̥bʰnáHti
- Proto-Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (gərəβnāiti)
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: [script needed] (kar(ap)piezzi, “lifts up”)
- Proto-Germanic: *gruppōną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gr̥bʰnáHti
- *gʰe-gʰróbh₂-e ~ *gʰe-gʰr̥bh₂-ḗr (stative)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰagrábʰa
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́agrábʰa
- Sanskrit: जग्रभ (jagrabha)
- Proto-Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬘𐬁𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬠𐬎𐬱 (jāgərəbuš)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́agrábʰa
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰagrábʰa
- *gʰróbh₂-e-ti (o-grade thematic present)
- Proto-Germanic: *grabaną (see there for further descendants)
- *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Slavic: *grabiti
- *gʰróbh₂-o-s
- *gʰrébh₂-tus ~ *gʰr̥bh₂-téws
- Proto-Germanic: *graftuz
- Unsorted formations:
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *grabʰ-
References
[edit]- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ghrebh2”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 201
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 454
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 505
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gràbiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 185: “v. (a) ‘seize, grab’”