Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-onts

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ónts

Proto-Indo-European

Suffix

*(é)-onts

1. Forms adjectives from Caland system roots.

   ‎*ǵerh₂- (“to grow older”) + ‎*-onts → ‎*ǵérh₂onts (“old”)

2. Ending of the present active participle of verbs.

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	masculine	feminine
nominative	*(é)-onts	*(Ø)-éntih₂
genitive	*(Ø)-n̥tés	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂s
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(é)-onts	*(é)-onth₁(e)	*(é)-ontes
vocative	*(é)-ont	*(é)-onth₁(e)	*(é)-ontes
accusative	*(é)-ontm̥	*(é)-onth₁(e)	*(é)-ontm̥s
genitive	*(Ø)-n̥tés	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tóHom
ablative	*(Ø)-n̥tés	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmós, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰós
dative	*(Ø)-n̥téy	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmós, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰós
locative	*(Ø)-ént, *(Ø)-énti	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tsú
instrumental	*(Ø)-n̥téh₁	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmís, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰís
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(Ø)-éntih₂	*(Ø)-éntih₂h₁(e)	*(Ø)-éntih₂es
vocative	*(Ø)-éntih₂	*(Ø)-éntih₂h₁(e)	*(Ø)-éntih₂es
accusative	*(Ø)-éntih₂m̥	*(Ø)-éntih₂h₁(e)	*(Ø)-éntih₂m̥s
genitive	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂s	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂oHom
ablative	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂s	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂mos, *(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂bʰos
dative	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂ey	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂mos, *(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂bʰos
locative	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂, *(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂i	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂su
instrumental	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂h₁	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂mis, *(Ø)-n̥tyéh₂bʰis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(é)-ont	*(é)-ontih₁	*(é)-onth₂
vocative	*(é)-ont	*(é)-ontih₁	*(é)-onth₂
accusative	*(é)-ont	*(é)-ontih₁	*(é)-onth₂
genitive	*(Ø)-n̥tés	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tóHom
ablative	*(Ø)-n̥tés	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmós, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰós
dative	*(Ø)-n̥téy	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmós, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰós
locative	*(Ø)-ént, *(Ø)-énti	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tsú
instrumental	*(Ø)-n̥téh₁	*?	*(Ø)-n̥tmís, *(Ø)-n̥tbʰís

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-onts

• *-ont-i-nós
  • Latin: -undus

Descendants

• Proto-Anatolian: *-ónts
  • Hittite: -𒀭𒍝 (-an-za)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ants
  • Proto-Slavic: *-y (stem *-ǫť-)
    • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *-ę (< *ejants < *-éy-onts, stem *-jęť-)
    • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *-aję (< *-āˀjants < *-eh₂y-onts, stem *-ajęť-)
    • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *-ěję (< *-ēˀjants < *-eh₁y-onts, stem *-ějęť-)
• Proto-Germanic: *-andz
• Proto-Hellenic: *-onts
  • Ancient Greek: -ων (-ōn)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: -अन्त् (-ant /⁠-ant⁠/)
  • Proto-Iranian:
    • Avestan: -𐬀𐬧𐬙 (-aṇt)
    • Old Persian: -𐎴𐎫 (-n-t /⁠-ant⁠/)
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (-nd,-nt' /⁠-and⁠/), ⇒ [script needed] (-ntk' /⁠-andag⁠/)
        • Persian: ـنده (-ande)
    • Parthian: [script needed] (-nd /⁠-ind⁠/)
    • → Old Armenian: -անդակ (-andak)
• Proto-Italic: *-onts, *-ānts (for *-ā-onts)
  • Latin: -ns, -ēns, -āns, -iēns

See also

• *-is
• *-rós
• *-us