Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stinganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *stengʰ- (“to stick”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstiŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stinganą

1. to stick out; protrude
2. to sting

Inflection

Conjugation of *stinganą (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stingō	*stingaų	—	*stingai	?
2nd singular	*stingizi	*stingaiz	*sting	*stingazai	*stingaizau
3rd singular	*stingidi	*stingai	*stingadau	*stingadai	*stingaidau
1st dual	*stingōz	*stingaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*stingadiz	*stingaidiz	*stingadiz	—	—
1st plural	*stingamaz	*stingaim	—	*stingandai	*stingaindau
2nd plural	*stingid	*stingaid	*stingid	*stingandai	*stingaindau
3rd plural	*stingandi	*stingain	*stingandau	*stingandai	*stingaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stang	*stungį̄
2nd singular	*stanht	*stungīz
3rd singular	*stang	*stungī
1st dual	*stungū	*stungīw
2nd dual	*stungudiz	*stungīdiz
1st plural	*stungum	*stungīm
2nd plural	*stungud	*stungīd
3rd plural	*stungun	*stungīn
	present	past
participles	*stingandz	*stunganaz

Related terms

• *stanganą
• *stangilaz
• *stangiz
• *stangō

Derived terms

• *uzstinganą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *stingan
  • Old English: stingan
    • Middle English: stingen
      • English: sting
      • Scots: sting
  • Old High German: stingan
• Old Norse: stinga
  • Icelandic: stinga
  • Faroese: stinga
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: stinga
  • Swedish: stinga
  • Danish: stinge
    • Norwegian Bokmål: stinge
• ⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (usstaggan)