Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/snīþaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *sneyt- (“to cut”), and compared with Proto-Slavic *snětь (“block, log, branch”) (< *snoit-o-s) (whence Czech snět (“log, block of wood”)), as well as Old Irish snéid (“small, short”), Proto-Celtic *snadeti (“to hew, carve”). However, Kroonen and Orel express doubt regarding this theory, particularly as the Celtic terms do not formally agree with the consonant finals.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsniː.θɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*snīþaną

1. to cut

Inflection

Conjugation of *snīþaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*snīþō	*snīþaų	—	*snīþai	?
2nd singular	*snīþizi	*snīþaiz	*snīþ	*snīþazai	*snīþaizau
3rd singular	*snīþidi	*snīþai	*snīþadau	*snīþadai	*snīþaidau
1st dual	*snīþōz	*snīþaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*snīþadiz	*snīþaidiz	*snīþadiz	—	—
1st plural	*snīþamaz	*snīþaim	—	*snīþandai	*snīþaindau
2nd plural	*snīþid	*snīþaid	*snīþid	*snīþandai	*snīþaindau
3rd plural	*snīþandi	*snīþain	*snīþandau	*snīþandai	*snīþaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*snaiþ	*snidį̄
2nd singular	*snaist	*snidīz
3rd singular	*snaiþ	*snidī
1st dual	*snidū	*snidīw
2nd dual	*snidudiz	*snidīdiz
1st plural	*snidum	*snidīm
2nd plural	*snidud	*snidīd
3rd plural	*snidun	*snidīn
	present	past
participles	*snīþandz	*snidanaz

Related terms

• *snaidijaną
• *snaidō
• *snaisō
• *snidaz
• *snidiz
• *snipilaz
• *snittōną

 

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *snīþan
  • Old English: snīþan
    • Middle English: snithen
      • English: snithe
      • ⇒ English: snide
  • Old Frisian: snītha
    • Saterland Frisian: sniede
    • West Frisian: snije
  • Old Saxon: snīthan
    • Middle Low German: snîden
      • German Low German: snieden
      • Low German: snieden
  • Old Dutch: snīthan
    • Middle Dutch: sniden
      • Dutch: snijden
        • Afrikaans: sny
      • Limburgish: snieje
  • Old High German: snīdan
    • Middle High German: snīden
      • German: schneiden
      • Luxembourgish: schneiden
      • Yiddish: שנײַדן (shnaydn)
• Old Norse: sníða (*sniðka, snikka)
  • Icelandic: sníða (snikka)
  • Faroese: sníða
  • Swedish: snida
  • Danish: snide
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (sneiþan)
• → Proto-Finnic: *niittädäk (see there for further descendants)