Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/smeukaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *smewgʰ- cognate with Ancient Greek σμὐχω (smukhō, “to burn”) and Lithuanian smáugiu, smáugti (“to choke”). Kroonen assumes the verb was back-formed to the iterative *smukkōną - *smukōną which explains the 'k' instead of the expected 'g'.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsmeu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*smeukaną

1. to smoke, fume

Inflection

Conjugation of *smeukaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*smeukō	*smeukaų	—	*smeukai	?
2nd singular	*smiukizi	*smeukaiz	*smeuk	*smeukazai	*smeukaizau
3rd singular	*smiukidi	*smeukai	*smeukadau	*smeukadai	*smeukaidau
1st dual	*smeukōz	*smeukaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*smeukadiz	*smeukaidiz	*smeukadiz	—	—
1st plural	*smeukamaz	*smeukaim	—	*smeukandai	*smeukaindau
2nd plural	*smiukid	*smeukaid	*smiukid	*smeukandai	*smeukaindau
3rd plural	*smeukandi	*smeukain	*smeukandau	*smeukandai	*smeukaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*smauk	*smukį̄
2nd singular	*smauht	*smukīz
3rd singular	*smauk	*smukī
1st dual	*smukū	*smukīw
2nd dual	*smukudiz	*smukīdiz
1st plural	*smukum	*smukīm
2nd plural	*smukud	*smukīd
3rd plural	*smukun	*smukīn
	present	past
participles	*smeukandz	*smukanaz

Alternative forms

• *smūkaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *smeukan, *smūkan
  • Old English: smēocan
    • Middle English: smeken
      • Scots: smeke, smeek
  • Old Dutch: *smiekan, *smūkan
    • Middle Dutch: smieken, smuken
      • Dutch: smuiken
  • Old High German: *smiohhan, *smiochan
    • Middle High German: smiechen
      • German: smiehen (dialectal)
      • Bavarian: smiechen