Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/munþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *men-to- (“mouth, jaw”), from *men-. Cognate with Latin mentum (“chin”). See Latin mandō for an alternative theory.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmun.θɑz/

Noun

*munþaz m

1. mouth

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *munþaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*munþaz	*munþōz, *munþōs
vocative	*munþ	*munþōz, *munþōs
accusative	*munþą	*munþanz
genitive	*munþas, *munþis	*munþǫ̂
dative	*munþai	*munþamaz
instrumental	*munþō	*munþamiz

Synonyms

• *ōsaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *munþ
  • Old English: mūþ
    • Middle English: mouth
      • English: mouth
      • Scots: mooth
  • Old Frisian: mūth; mund, mond (forms with n likely from Low German)
    • North Frisian: Mür, müs, mös, müd
    • West Frisian: mûn
    • Saterland Frisian: *Mund (in derivatives, e.g. mundpaas, mundelk)
    • →⇒ Middle Dutch: mûde, mûye f (“mouth (of a river)”)
      • Dutch: muide, mui
  • Old Saxon: mūth, mund
    • Middle Low German: munt, mont
      • German Low German: Mund
      • → Scots: mund, mun
  • Old Dutch: munt
    • Middle Dutch: mont
      • Dutch: mond, mont (obsolete)
        • Afrikaans: mond
        • Javindo: mon
        • Negerhollands: mond, mon, mun, mont
          • → Virgin Islands Creole: mon, mout (dated)
        • Petjo: mon
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: mont
      • Limburgish: móndj
  • Old High German: mund
    • Middle High German: munt
      • German: Mund
      • Luxembourgish: Mond
• Old Norse: muðr, munnr
  • Icelandic: munnur
  • Faroese: munnur, muður
  • Norn: moinnj
  • Norwegian: munn
  • Old Swedish: munder
    • Swedish: mun
  • Old Danish: mun
    • Danish: mund
  • Elfdalian: muð (acc. munn)
  • Gutnish: mun
  • → English: mun (obsolete)
• Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs)