Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwiknaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Etymology

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From *kwikwaz (“alive”) +‎ *-naną.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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*kwiknaną[1]

  1. to come to life

Inflection

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Conjugation of *kwiknaną (weak class 4)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwiknō *kwiknaų — — —
2nd singular *kwiknōsi *kwiknais *kwiknō — —
3rd singular *kwiknōþi *kwiknai *kwiknōþau — —
1st dual *kwiknōs *kwiknaiw — — —
2nd dual *kwiknaþiz *kwiknaiþiz *kwiknaþiz — —
1st plural *kwiknamaz *kwiknaim — — —
2nd plural *kwiknaþ *kwiknaiþ *kwiknaþ — —
3rd plural *kwiknanþi *kwiknain *kwiknanþau — —
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwiknōdǭ *kwiknōdēdį̄
2nd singular *kwiknōdēz *kwiknōdēdīz
3rd singular *kwiknōdē *kwiknōdēdī
1st dual *kwiknōdēdū *kwiknōdēdīw
2nd dual *kwiknōdēdudiz *kwiknōdēdīdiz
1st plural *kwiknōdēdum *kwiknōdēdīm
2nd plural *kwiknōdēdud *kwiknōdēdīd
3rd plural *kwiknōdēdun *kwiknōdēdīn
present past
participles *kwiknandz —

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 259

References

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  1. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*kwiwa- ~ *kwikwa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 320
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