Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunnāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kunnaną (“to know”) +‎ *-āną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkun.nɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kunnāną

1. to get to know, to become familiar with
2. to test, to try
3. to experience

Inflection

Conjugation of *kunnāną (weak class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kunnō	?	—	?	?
2nd singular	*kunnaisi	?	*kunnai	*kunnāsai	?
3rd singular	*kunnaiþi	?	*kunnāþau	*kunnāþai	?
1st dual	*kunnōs	?	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kunnāþiz	?	*kunnāþiz	—	—
1st plural	*kunnāmaz	?	—	*kunnānþai	?
2nd plural	*kunnaiþ	?	*kunnaiþ	*kunnānþai	?
3rd plural	*kunnānþi	?	*kunnānþau	*kunnānþai	?
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kunnadǭ	*kunnadēdį̄
2nd singular	*kunnadēz	*kunnadēdīz
3rd singular	*kunnadē	*kunnadēdī
1st dual	*kunnadēdū	*kunnadēdīw
2nd dual	*kunnadēdudiz	*kunnadēdīdiz
1st plural	*kunnadēdum	*kunnadēdīm
2nd plural	*kunnadēdud	*kunnadēdīd
3rd plural	*kunnadēdun	*kunnadēdīn
	present	past
participles	*kunnāndz	*kunnadaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kunnēn
  • Old English: cunnian
  • Old Saxon: *kunnōn
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: gikunnōn
  • Old Dutch: *cunnon
    • ⇒ Old Dutch: bicunnon
  • Old High German: kunnēn
• Gothic: *𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*kunnan)
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐌰𐍄𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (atkunnan)
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gakunnan)
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (ufkunnan)