Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵnibʰ-néh₂-ti, an iterative verb from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneybʰ- (“to pinch”) which also gave rise to the strong verb *knīpaną (“to pinch”). Compare Lithuanian gnýbti (“idem”), žnýbti (“to pinch, snuff a candle”). Whether the root further derives from a Proto-Indo-European *ǵen-, *gen- (“to pinch, squeeze, bend, press, ball up”) (whence perhaps *knudaną (“to knead”)) is unclear.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈknip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*knippōną

1. to pinch
2. to cut, to snap
3. to wink

Inflection

Conjugation of *knippōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knippō	*knippǭ	—	*knippōi	?
2nd singular	*knippōsi	*knippōs	*knippō	*knippōsai	*knippōsau
3rd singular	*knippōþi	*knippō	*knippōþau	*knippōþai	*knippōþau
1st dual	*knippōs	*knippōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*knippōþiz	*knippōþiz	*knippōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*knippōmaz	*knippōm	—	*knippōnþai	*knippōnþau
2nd plural	*knippōþ	*knippōþ	*knippōþ	*knippōnþai	*knippōnþau
3rd plural	*knippōnþi	*knippōn	*knippōnþau	*knippōnþai	*knippōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knippōdǭ	*knippōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*knippōdēz	*knippōdēdīz
3rd singular	*knippōdē	*knippōdēdī
1st dual	*knippōdēdū	*knippōdēdīw
2nd dual	*knippōdēdudiz	*knippōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*knippōdēdum	*knippōdēdīm
2nd plural	*knippōdēdud	*knippōdēdīd
3rd plural	*knippōdēdun	*knippōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*knippōndz	*knippōdaz

Related terms

• *hnīpaną
• *hnippōną
• *knībaz
• *knīpaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *knippōn
  • Old Saxon: *knippon
    • Middle Low German: knippen
      • Low German: knippen
  • Old Dutch: *cnippon
    • Middle Dutch: knippen
      • Dutch: knippen