Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haliþaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *xvala (“praise, thanks”). Kluge suggests a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”), see also Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti, “to harden, cool”), Old Irish calath (“hard”), Sanskrit कलिका (kalikā, “bud”).[1] Kroonen, comparing Old Irish caur (“warrior, hero”), reconstructs a quasi-Indo-European substrate term *karut- from which both the Celtic and Germanic borrowed from (note that the Celtic descendant of this root, *karuts-, is not to be confused with Proto-Celtic *kawaros, which collapsed onto the same form in Old Irish); whether Tocharian B kālśke (“youth, young brahmin”) is connected is unclear.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]*haliþaz m
Inflection
[edit]| masculine a-stemDeclension of *haliþaz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *haliþaz | *haliþōz, *haliþōs | |
| vocative | *haliþ | *haliþōz, *haliþōs | |
| accusative | *haliþą | *haliþanz | |
| genitive | *haliþas, *haliþis | *haliþǫ̂ | |
| dative | *haliþai | *haliþamaz | |
| instrumental | *haliþō | *haliþamiz | |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-West Germanic: *haliþ
- Old Norse: halr, hǫldr
References
[edit]- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Held”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*haleþ- ~ *haluþ-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 204