Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haftijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *haftaz (“captive, bound”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑɸ.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*haftijaną

1. to make bound; to bind, secure

Inflection

Conjugation of *haftijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*haftijō	*haftijaų	—	*haftijai	?
2nd singular	*haftīsi	*haftijais	*haftī	*haftijasai	*haftijaisau
3rd singular	*haftīþi	*haftijai	*haftijaþau	*haftijaþai	*haftijaiþau
1st dual	*haftijōs	*haftijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*haftijaþiz	*haftijaiþiz	*haftijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*haftijamaz	*haftijaim	—	*haftijanþai	*haftijainþau
2nd plural	*haftīþ	*haftijaiþ	*haftīþ	*haftijanþai	*haftijainþau
3rd plural	*haftijanþi	*haftijain	*haftijanþau	*haftijanþai	*haftijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*haftidǭ	*haftidēdį̄
2nd singular	*haftidēz	*haftidēdīz
3rd singular	*haftidē	*haftidēdī
1st dual	*haftidēdū	*haftidēdīw
2nd dual	*haftidēdudiz	*haftidēdīdiz
1st plural	*haftidēdum	*haftidēdīm
2nd plural	*haftidēdud	*haftidēdīd
3rd plural	*haftidēdun	*haftidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*haftijandz	*haftidaz

Related terms

• *haftą (“band”)
• *hēbaz
• *hōbiz

Derived terms

• *haftīniz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *haftijan
  • Old English: hæftan
  • Old Frisian: hefta
  • Old Saxon: heftian
  • Old Dutch: *heften
    • Middle Dutch: hechten
      • Dutch: hechten
        • Afrikaans: heg
  • Old High German: heften
    • Middle High German: heften
      • German: heften
      • Luxembourgish: heften
• Old Norse: hefta, hepta
  • Icelandic: hefta
  • Faroese: hefta
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hefta
  • Old Swedish: hæpta, hæfta
    • Swedish: häfta
  • Danish: hæfte
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (haftjan)