Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gangaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to stride, step”). Synchronically analyzable as a nominal formation from *ganganą (“to go, walk”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑŋ.ɡɑz/

Noun

*gangaz m

1. pace, step, gait
2. walk
3. way, course

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *gangaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gangaz	*gangōz, *gangōs
vocative	*gang	*gangōz, *gangōs
accusative	*gangą	*ganganz
genitive	*gangas, *gangis	*gangǫ̂
dative	*gangai	*gangamaz
instrumental	*gangō	*gangamiz

Derived terms

• *inngangaz
• *umbigangaz
• *ūtgangaz
• *Wulfagangaz

Related terms

• *gangą
• *ganganą
• *gangiz
• *ganhtiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *gang
  • Old English: gang, gancg, gong, ġeong, ġiong — with initial /j/ after palatalised past forms of gangan
    • Middle English: gong, gang, gonge, goonge
      • English: gang (see there for further descendants); gong, goung (obsolete)
      • Scots: gang, gaung, ging

        Northeastern: dyang, gyang

  • Old Frisian: gang, gong, gung
    • North Frisian: gong
    • Saterland Frisian: Goang
    • West Frisian: gong
  • Old Saxon: gang
    • Middle Low German: ganc, gank
      • German Low German: Gang
  • Old Dutch: gang (only attested in placenames)
    • Middle Dutch: ganc
      • Dutch: gang
  • Old High German: gang
    • Middle High German: ganc
      • Bavarian: Gång
      • German: Gang
        • Polish: ganek
          • Yiddish: גאַניק (ganik) (probably borrowed from Polish)
      • Luxembourgish: Gang, Gank
      • → Middle French: gangue
        • French: gangue
          • → English: gangue
• Old Norse: gangr
  • Icelandic: gangur
  • Faroese: gangur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gang
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gang, gong
  • Old Swedish: ganger
    • Swedish: gång
  • Danish: gang
• Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃 (gaggs)
• → Proto-Finnic: *kangas (see there for further descendants)