Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fullijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *fullaz (“full”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸul.li.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fullijaną

1. to fill, to make full

Inflection

Conjugation of *fullijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fullijō	*fullijaų	—	*fullijai	?
2nd singular	*fullīsi	*fullijais	*fullī	*fullijasai	*fullijaisau
3rd singular	*fullīþi	*fullijai	*fullijaþau	*fullijaþai	*fullijaiþau
1st dual	*fullijōs	*fullijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fullijaþiz	*fullijaiþiz	*fullijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*fullijamaz	*fullijaim	—	*fullijanþai	*fullijainþau
2nd plural	*fullīþ	*fullijaiþ	*fullīþ	*fullijanþai	*fullijainþau
3rd plural	*fullijanþi	*fullijain	*fullijanþau	*fullijanþai	*fullijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fullidǭ	*fullidēdį̄
2nd singular	*fullidēz	*fullidēdīz
3rd singular	*fullidē	*fullidēdī
1st dual	*fullidēdū	*fullidēdīw
2nd dual	*fullidēdudiz	*fullidēdīdiz
1st plural	*fullidēdum	*fullidēdīm
2nd plural	*fullidēdud	*fullidēdīd
3rd plural	*fullidēdun	*fullidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*fullijandz	*fullidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fullijan
  • Old English: fyllan
    • Middle English: fillen, felle, fellen, fil, fill, fille, fillyn, fulle, fullen, fylle, velle, vullen, fillenn (Ormulum)
      • English: fill
      • Scots: fill
      • Yola: vill
  • Old Frisian:
    • West Frisian: folje
  • Old Saxon: fullian
    • Low German: füllen
  • Old Dutch: *fullen
    • Middle Dutch: vullen
      • Dutch: vullen
        • Afrikaans: vul
        • Negerhollands: ful, voel
        • → Caribbean Javanese: fèl, ngefèl
      • Limburgish: völle
  • Old High German: fullen
    • Middle High German: vüllen
      • Bavarian: fuin, fülln, fün
      • Cimbrian: vüllan, büllan (Mezzaselva)
      • German: füllen
      • Luxembourgish: fëllen
• Old Norse: fylla
  • Icelandic: fylla
  • Faroese: fylla
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Bokmål: fylle
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: fylla, fylle
  • Old Swedish: fylla
    • Swedish: fylla
  • Old Danish: fyllæ
    • Danish: fylde
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fulljan)