Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bandijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bindaną +‎ *-janą. The sense to "bend, inflect" (Old Norse and Old English only) is probably derived from the act of bending a bow in order to bind it.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑn.di.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bandijaną

1. (transitive) To bind, fetter, restrain; stretch
2. (transitive) To bend

Inflection

Conjugation of *bandijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*bandijō	*bandijaų	—	*bandijai	?
2nd singular	*bandīsi	*bandijais	*bandī	*bandijasai	*bandijaisau
3rd singular	*bandīþi	*bandijai	*bandijaþau	*bandijaþai	*bandijaiþau
1st dual	*bandijōs	*bandijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*bandijaþiz	*bandijaiþiz	*bandijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*bandijamaz	*bandijaim	—	*bandijanþai	*bandijainþau
2nd plural	*bandīþ	*bandijaiþ	*bandīþ	*bandijanþai	*bandijainþau
3rd plural	*bandijanþi	*bandijain	*bandijanþau	*bandijanþai	*bandijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*bandidǭ	*bandidēdį̄
2nd singular	*bandidēz	*bandidēdīz
3rd singular	*bandidē	*bandidēdī
1st dual	*bandidēdū	*bandidēdīw
2nd dual	*bandidēdudiz	*bandidēdīdiz
1st plural	*bandidēdum	*bandidēdīm
2nd plural	*bandidēdud	*bandidēdīd
3rd plural	*bandidēdun	*bandidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*bandijandz	*bandidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *bandijan
  • Old English: bendan
    • Middle English: benden
      • English: bend
      • Scots: bend
  • Old Saxon: *bendian
    • Middle Low German: benden
  • Old High German: *benten
    • Middle High German: benden
  • → Old French: bender, bander
    • Middle French: bander
      • French: bander
    • → Occitan: bendar
    • → Italian: bendare, bandare
    • → Spanish: vendar, bandar
    • → Portuguese: vendar, bandar
• Old Norse: benda
  • Icelandic: benda
  • Faroese: benda
  • Norwegian: bende
  • Old Swedish: bænda
    • Swedish: bända
  • Danish: bænde